Shloka 35
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
एवं चतुर्युगे काल ऋतैः संध्यांशकैः स्मृतः / नियुतान्येव षडिंशान्निरसानि युगानि वै
Transliteration
evaṃ caturyuge kāla ṛtaiḥ saṃdhyāṃśakaiḥ smṛtaḥ / niyutānyeva ṣaḍiṃśānnirasāni yugāni vai
Translation
ดังนี้ กาลของจตุรยุคถูกจดจำพร้อมด้วยสนธยาและส่วนสนธยาของกฤตะและยุคทั้งหลาย; และว่ามียุคเป็นจำนวนสิบหกนิยุตะ (ครบถ้วน)
Word by Word
evaṃthus/in this way
evaṃ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevaṃ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण
catur-yugein the four-yuga cycle
catur-yuge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक) + yuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (संख्यापूर्वपद), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन
kālaḥtime/duration
kālaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ṛtaiḥby the Kṛta (age)
ṛtaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; 'ṛta' = कृतयुग (Kṛta age) इत्यर्थे
saṃdhyā-aṃśakaiḥby the twilight portions (sandhyā parts)
saṃdhyā-aṃśakaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃdhyā (प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (saṃdhyāyāḥ aṃśakāḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
smṛtaḥis stated/remembered
smṛtaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे 'is said/remembered'
niyutāniniyutas
niyutāni:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootniyuta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
ṣaḍiṃśātfrom sixteen
ṣaḍiṃśāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/ablative)
TypeNoun
Rootṣaḍiṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/ablative), एकवचन; 'from sixteen' (षोडश) इत्यर्थे
nirasāniwithout remainder/fully subtracted
nirasāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnirasá (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; 'yugāni' इति विशेष्येण सह; 'devoid of essence/without remainder' इत्यर्थे
yugāniyugas/ages
yugāni:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)