Shloka 47
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
व्रात्यतां समनुप्राप्ताः सर्ववर्णविनिन्तिताः / धिक्कृता सततं सर्वेनृशंसा निरपत्रपाः
Transliteration
vrātyatāṃ samanuprāptāḥ sarvavarṇavinintitāḥ / dhikkṛtā satataṃ sarvenṛśaṃsā nirapatrapāḥ
Translation
พวกเขากลายเป็นพวกนอกรีต (Vratyas) ถูกตำหนิโดยทุกวรรณะ พวกเขาทั้งหมดถูกประณามอย่างต่อเนื่อง กลายเป็นคนโหดร้ายและไร้ยางอาย
Word by Word
व्रात्यताम्to outcaste status
व्रात्यताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of समनुप्राप्ताः)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रात्यता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘state of being vrātya/outcastehood’
समनुप्राप्ताःhaving reached
समनुप्राप्ताः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, with implied ‘they’)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अनु-प्र-आप् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having attained/reached’
सर्व-वर्ण-विनिन्दिताःcondemned by all social classes
सर्व-वर्ण-विनिन्दिताः:
विशेषण (Adjective of समनुप्राप्ताः/they)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + विनिन्दित (√निन्द्, कृदन्त)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘condemned by all varṇas’
धिक्fie!
धिक्:
सम्बोधन/भाव (Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक् (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (interjection of censure)
कृताःreviled
कृताः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, predicate adjective to ‘they’)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त (PPP) with धिक्-योगे: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘censured/treated with “fie”’
सततम्constantly
सततम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसततम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) ‘always/constantly’
सर्वेby all
सर्वे:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘by all’
नृशंसाःcruel
नृशंसाः:
विशेषण (Adjective of ‘they’)
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘cruel, wicked’
निरपत्रपाःshameless
निरपत्रपाः:
विशेषण (Adjective of ‘they’)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर् + अपत्रप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘shameless’ (without modesty)