Shloka 48
Rāja-prabodhana and Prātaḥ-kṛtya
Awakening of the King and Morning Observances
Devanagari script
श्रिया विकुर्वन्पुरुषकृत्यचिन्त्ये विचेतनः / तन्मतानुप्रवृत्तिश्च राजा सद्यो विषीदति
Transliteration
śriyā vikurvanpuruṣakṛtyacintye vicetanaḥ / tanmatānupravṛttiśca rājā sadyo viṣīdati
Translation
เมื่อถูกความรุ่งเรืองทำให้หลงผิด กษัตริย์ผู้ไร้สติไม่ใคร่ครวญหน้าที่ของมนุษย์ และเมื่อดำเนินตามความเห็นของพวกนั้น ก็ย่อมเศร้าหมองลงโดยฉับพลัน
Word by Word
śriyāby prosperity; by fortune
śriyā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
vikurvanacting wrongly; behaving perversely
vikurvan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-kṛ (धातु) → vikurvat (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formवर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त (present participle, परस्मैपद-शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
puruṣa-kṛtya-cintyein matters to be considered as a man’s duty
puruṣa-kṛtya-cintye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛtya (प्रातिपदिक) + cintya (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पुरुषकृत्ये चिन्त्ये = ‘in what should be considered as manly duty’)
vicetanaḥsenseless; undiscerning
vicetanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
tat-mata-anupravṛttiḥfollowing that opinion
tat-mata-anupravṛttiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम) + mata (प्रातिपदिक) + anupravṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तस्य मतस्य अनुप्रवृत्तिः = ‘following his opinion’)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sadyaḥimmediately
sadyaḥ:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadyaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘immediately’
viṣīdatisinks; becomes despondent
viṣīdati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ṣad (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन