Shloka 38
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
चतुराश्रमबाह्येभ्य स्तेभ्यः श्राद्धे न दापयेत् / यस्तिष्ठेद्वायुभक्षश्च चातुराश्रमबाह्यतः
Transliteration
caturāśramabāhyebhya stebhyaḥ śrāddhe na dāpayet / yastiṣṭhedvāyubhakṣaśca cāturāśramabāhyataḥ
Translation
ผู้ที่อยู่นอกสี่อาศรม ไม่ควรได้รับทานในพิธีศราทธะ; แม้ผู้ดำรงชีพด้วยลม (วายุภักษะ) แต่ยังอยู่นอกจาตุราศรม ก็ไม่ควรให้เช่นกัน
Word by Word
चतुराश्रमबाह्येभ्यःfrom those outside the four āśramas
चतुराश्रमबाह्येभ्यः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्-आश्रम-बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), बहुवचन; ‘चतुराश्रम’ (four āśramas) + ‘बाह्य’ (outside) = outside the four āśramas
तेभ्यःfrom them
तेभ्यः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th) / चतुर्थी (4th), बहुवचन; अत्र पञ्चमी (from them)
श्राद्धेin śrāddha
श्राद्धे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
नnot
न:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
दापयेत्should not cause (offerings) to be given
दापयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative/विधि), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; णिच् (causative: ‘cause to give/offer’)
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
तिष्ठेत्should remain/exists
तिष्ठेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; √स्था (to stand/remain)
वायुभक्षःone who feeds on air
वायुभक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवायु-भक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘वायु’ (air) + ‘भक्ष’ (eater) = one who lives on air
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)
चातुराश्रमबाह्यतःas being outside the four āśramas
चातुराश्रमबाह्यतः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/स्थिति-निर्देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचातुराश्रम-बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘from/outside’); ‘चातुराश्रम’ (pertaining to four āśramas) + ‘बाह्य’ (outside)