Shloka 19
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
पिपासिताय श्रान्ताय भ्रान्तायातिबुभुक्षते / तस्मै सत्कृत्य दातव्यं यज्ञम्य फलमिच्छता
Transliteration
pipāsitāya śrāntāya bhrāntāyātibubhukṣate / tasmai satkṛtya dātavyaṃ yajñamya phalamicchatā
Translation
ผู้ที่กระหาย เหนื่อยล้า หลงทาง และหิวจัด ผู้ปรารถนาผลแห่งยัญญะพึงถวายทานแก่เขาด้วยความเคารพ
Word by Word
pipāsitāyato the thirsty (person)
pipāsitāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
TypeAdjective
Rootpipāsita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √pā ‘पिब्’ + desiderative sense)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; past/passive participial adjective ‘thirsty’ (तृषित)
śrāntāyato the tired (person)
śrāntāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeAdjective
Rootśrānta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √śram ‘श्रम्’)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; past participle used adjectivally
bhrāntāyato the bewildered/wandering (person)
bhrāntāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhrānta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √bhram ‘भ्रम्’)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; past participle used adjectivally
ati-bubhukṣate(he) is extremely hungry / strongly desires to eat
ati-bubhukṣate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhuj (धातु) with desiderative stem bubhukṣ (बुभुक्ष) + ati- (उपसर्ग)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Ātmanepada; ‘desires to eat greatly’
tasmaito him
tasmai:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; pronoun
sat-kṛtyahaving honored (him)
sat-kṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/gerundial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsat (प्रातिपदिक) + √kṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्) used as indeclinable; ‘having honored/treated well’
dātavyamshould be given
dātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया; vidhi/obligation)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
FormGerundive/Obligative (तव्यत्-प्रत्यय); Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; impersonal obligation ‘is to be given’
yajamyaḥthe sacrificer (one performing sacrifice)
yajamyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/agent, implied)
TypeAdjective
Rootyajamya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying the implied giver/performer; sense: ‘one who performs sacrifice/one desiring to sacrifice’ (contextual)
phalamfruit, result
phalam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
icchatāby one who desires (it)
icchatā:
Hetu/Instrument (करण/हेतु)
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (धातु) → icchat (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; Masculine/Neuter; ‘by/with (one) desiring’