Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 50
Devanagari script
अज्ञानसागरे घोरे ह्य् अव्यक्तागाध उच्यते अहन्य् अहनि मज्जन्ति यत्र भूतानि भो द्विजाः //
Translation
ให้มาเพียงเลขคาถา (50); หากไม่มีบทคาถาสันสกฤต ก็ไม่อาจแปลความได้।
Word by Word
ajñāna-sāgarein the ocean of ignorance
ajñāna-sāgare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootajñāna (प्रातिपदिक) + sāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in the ocean of ignorance’
ghoreterrible
ghore:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with sāgare
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निपात-अव्यय) ‘indeed’
avyakta-agādhaḥunmanifest and unfathomable
avyakta-agādhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootavyakta (प्रातिपदिक) + agādha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय ‘unmanifest and unfathomable’
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Passive (कर्मणि प्रयोग), Ātmanepada; ‘is called/said’
ahaniday by day (on each day)
ahani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-location)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘on a day’
ahaniday by day
ahani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-location)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); repetition gives distributive sense
majjantisink
majjanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootmajj (मज्ज् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); ‘sink’
yatrawhere
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Relative location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय) ‘where’
bhūtānibeings
bhūtāni:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
bhoO!
bho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbho (अव्यय)
FormVocative particle (सम्बोधन-निपात)
dvijāḥO twice-born (Brahmins)
dvijāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural (बहुवचन)
Speaker
Teacher/narrator addressing dvijāḥ