Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 47
Devanagari script
येन क्षराक्षरे भिन्ने न भयं तस्य विद्यते विद्यते तु भयं यस्य यो नैनं वेत्ति तत्त्वतः //
Translation
ที่นี่มีเพียงเลขคาถา (47) เท่านั้น; เมื่อไม่มีบทสันสกฤตต้นฉบับ จึงไม่อาจแปลได้อย่างถูกต้อง।
Word by Word
yenaby which
yena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) relative pronoun; ‘by which/whereby’
kṣara-akṣarein the perishable and the imperishable
kṣara-akṣare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣara (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); द्वन्द्व ‘in the perishable and imperishable’
bhinnebeing distinguished/separated
bhinne:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhid (भिद् धातु) → bhinna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP); Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); agreeing with kṣarākṣare
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
bhayamfear
bhayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tasyafor him / of him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं); ‘of him/of that person’
vidyateexists
vidyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (विद् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); ‘exists/is found’
vidyateexists
vidyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (विद् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चय/विरोध-अव्यय)
bhayamfear
bhayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
yasyaof whom
yasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter; relative pronoun ‘of whom’
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun ‘who’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
enamhim / this (principle)
enam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); enclitic form ‘him/this’
vettiknows
vetti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (विद् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); ‘knows’
tattvataḥtruly / in essence
tattvataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तस् प्रत्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय) formed with -tas; ‘in reality/according to truth’
Speaker
Teacher/narrator instructing sages