Brahma Purana — On Varna Mobility Through Conduct, Karma, and Food-Ethics, Shloka 9
Devanagari script
वैश्यो वा क्षत्रियः केन द्विजो वा क्षत्रियो भवेत् प्रतिलोमे कथं देव शक्यो धर्मो निवर्तितुम् //
Translation
คาถาที่เก้านี้กล่าวถึงกรรมอันเป็นกุศลซึ่งเป็นเครื่องเกื้อหนุน ธรรมะ อรรถะ กามะ และโมกษะ; ผู้ใดสวดหรือสดับด้วยศรัทธาย่อมเป็นผู้บริสุทธิ์.
Word by Word
vaiśyaḥa Vaiśya
vaiśyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद (option 1)
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or)
kṣatriyaḥa Kṣatriya
kṣatriyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद (option 2)
kenaby what?
kena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक-करण
dvijaḥa twice-born (Brāhmaṇa etc.)
dvijaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय
kṣatriyaḥa Kṣatriya
kṣatriyaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate nominative with ‘bhavet’
bhavetmight become
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
pratilomein reverse order (pratiloma)
pratilome:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpratiloma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; अव्ययार्थे (adverbial locative: in reverse order/against the norm)
kathamhow?
katham:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
devaO god/Lord
deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
śakyaḥpossible/feasible
śakyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘dharmaḥ’ इति विशेषणम् (capable/possible)
dharmaḥdharma/law
dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद (subject of infinitive construction)
nivartitumto be stopped/turned back
nivartitum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootni-vṛt (वृत् धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
Formतुमुनन्त (infinitive), अव्यय; ‘śakyaḥ’ इत्यस्य पूरक (complement)
Speaker
Umā addresses Śiva.