Shloka 37
Adhyaya 242 — Bondage Through the Guṇas: Transmigration, Misidentification, and Ascetic Practices
Devanagari script
सुखम् एवं तु कर्तव्यं सकृत् कृत्वा सुखं मम यावद् एव तु मे सौख्यं जात्यां जात्यां भविष्यति //
Translation
ที่นี่เป็นโศลกหมายเลขสามสิบเจ็ด หากไม่มีต้นฉบับ ก็ไม่อาจแปลได้อย่างถูกต้อง
Word by Word
sukhamhappiness/pleasantly
sukham:
Karma (कर्म/Goal; adverbial object)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषणवत्)
evamthus
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
kartavyamshould be done
kartavyam:
Kriya (क्रिया/Obligation predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु) (कृञ् करणे)
FormGerundive/obligative (तव्यत्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); impersonal ‘it should be done’
sakṛtonce
sakṛt:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsakṛt (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
kṛtvāhaving done
kṛtvā:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु) (कृञ् करणे)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)
sukhamhappiness/pleasure
sukham:
Karma (कर्म/Goal; adverbial object)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial use
mamamy/of me
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
yāvatas long as/as much as
yāvat:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Extent)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb (यावत्), limit/extent
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphasis
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
memy/of me
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
saukhyamhappiness/comfort
saukhyam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsaukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
jātyāmin a birth
jātyām:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Place-time)
TypeNoun
Rootjāti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
jātyāmin (each) birth
jātyām:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Distributive locus)
TypeNoun
Rootjāti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); repetition for distributive sense
bhaviṣyatiwill be
bhaviṣyati:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु) (भू सत्तायाम्)
FormFuture tense (लृट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
A narrator/teacher addressing a king; the verse depicts the mindset of a pleasure-seeker