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Shloka 45

Mahārāja Parīkṣit Cursed by a Brāhmaṇa Boy (Śṛṅgi) and the Moral Crisis of Kali-yuga

तदार्यधर्म: प्रविलीयते नृणां वर्णाश्रमाचारयुतस्त्रयीमय: । ततोऽर्थकामाभिनिवेशितात्मनां शुनां कपीनामिव वर्णसङ्कर: ॥ ४५ ॥

tadārya-dharmaḥ pravilīyate nṛṇāṁ varṇāśramācāra-yutas trayīmayaḥ tato ’rtha-kāmābhiniveśitātmanāṁ śunāṁ kapīnām iva varṇa-saṅkaraḥ

ในกาลนั้น อารยธรรมะซึ่งตั้งอยู่บนจารีตวรรณะ-อาศรมและบัญญัติพระเวทจะค่อย ๆ เสื่อมสลายไปในหมู่มนุษย์ แล้วผู้ที่จิตหมกมุ่นในทรัพย์และกามจะก่อให้เกิดวรรณะปะปน อันเป็นประชากรไม่พึงประสงค์ในระดับสุนัขและลิง

tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormTemporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
ārya-dharmaḥthe noble dharma
ārya-dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootārya (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'noble/Āryan dharma'
pravilīyatedissolves/declines
pravilīyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vi-√lī (ली धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, Present), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive/intransitive sense 'melts away, dissolves'
nṛṇāmof men/people
nṛṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
varṇāśramācāra-yutaḥendowed with varṇa-āśrama conduct
varṇāśramācāra-yutaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + ācāra (प्रातिपदिक) + yuta (कृदन्त; √yuj)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'endowed with the conduct (ācāra) of varṇa and āśrama'; yuta = 'joined/endowed'
trayīmayaḥVeda-based (made of the Trayī)
trayīmayaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottrayī (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); 'consisting of the three Vedas'
tataḥthereupon/from that
tataḥ:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAblatival adverb (तस्मात्-अर्थे अव्यय)
artha-kāma-abhiniveśita-ātmanāmof those absorbed in wealth and desire
artha-kāma-abhiniveśita-ātmanām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + abhiniveśita (कृदन्त; abhi-ni-√viś) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa chain: 'of those whose selves (ātman) are absorbed/engrossed (abhiniveśita) in wealth and desire'
śunāmof dogs
śunām:
Upamāna-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootśvan/śun (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
kapīnāmof monkeys
kapīnām:
Upamāna-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormComparative particle (उपमा-निपात)
varṇa-saṅkaraḥintermixture of varṇas
varṇa-saṅkaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); 'mixing/confusion of social orders'

It is foretold herein that in the absence of a monarchical regime, the general mass of people will be an unwanted population like dogs and monkeys. As the monkeys are too sexually inclined and dogs are shameless in sexual intercourse, the general mass of population born of illegitimate connection will systematically go astray from the Vedic way of good manners and qualitative engagements in the castes and orders of life.

M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse says that when people become absorbed in wealth (artha) and sense pleasure (kāma), the noble Vedic dharma grounded in varṇāśrama conduct dissolves, leading to social confusion (varṇa-saṅkara).

In the context of Parīkṣit’s imminent death and the onset of Kali-yuga influences, Śukadeva explains how dharma deteriorates when society abandons Vedic discipline and becomes driven by material aims.

Prioritize dharma—self-discipline, truthfulness, and spiritual practice—over constant pursuit of money and pleasure, because unchecked material fixation leads to personal and social instability.