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Shloka 29

Mahārāja Parīkṣit Cursed by a Brāhmaṇa Boy (Śṛṅgi) and the Moral Crisis of Kali-yuga

अभूतपूर्व: सहसा क्षुत्तृड्भ्यामर्दितात्मन: । ब्राह्मणं प्रत्यभूद् ब्रह्मन् मत्सरो मन्युरेव च ॥ २९ ॥

abhūta-pūrvaḥ sahasā kṣut-tṛḍbhyām arditātmanaḥ brāhmaṇaṁ praty abhūd brahman matsaro manyur eva ca

ด้วยความหิวและกระหายอย่างรุนแรง พระราชาจึงมีความริษยาและความโกรธต่อพราหมณ์นั้น ซึ่งไม่เคยมีมาก่อน

abhūta-pūrvaḥunprecedented
abhūta-pūrvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhūta (कृदन्त; √bhū धातु) + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; समासः—कर्मधारयः (अभूतः एव पूर्वः)
sahasāsuddenly
sahasā:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsahasā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
kṣut-tṛḍbhyāmby hunger and thirst
kṣut-tṛḍbhyām:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣut (प्रातिपदिक) + tṛḍ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Dual; समासः—द्वन्द्वः (क्षुत् च तृट् च)
ardita-ātmanaḥof him whose self was afflicted
ardita-ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootardita (कृदन्त; √ard धातु) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अर्दितः आत्मा यस्य)
brāhmaṇamtoward the brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇam:
Adhikarana/Pratiyogin (प्रति/Target)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
pratitowards
prati:
Dik/Prati (दिक्/प्रति-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprati (अव्यय)
FormPreverb/particle (उपसर्गसदृश अव्यय) meaning 'towards/against'
abhūtarose/occurred
abhūt:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist/लुङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular); परस्मैपद
brahmanO brāhmaṇa (Śaunaka)
brahman:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
matsaraḥenvy
matsaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmatsara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
manyuḥanger
manyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmanyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
evaindeed
eva:
Prayojaka (प्रयोग-निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) of emphasis/restriction
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

For a king like Mahārāja Parīkṣit to become angry and envious, especially at a sage and brāhmaṇa, was undoubtedly unprecedented. The King knew well that brāhmaṇas, sages, children, women and old men are always beyond the jurisdiction of punishment. Similarly, the king, even though he commits a great mistake, is never to be considered a wrongdoer. But in this case, Mahārāja Parīkṣit became angry and envious at the sage due to his thirst and hunger, by the will of the Lord. The King was right to punish his subject for coldly receiving him or neglecting him, but because the culprit was a sage and a brāhmaṇa, it was unprecedented. As the Lord is never envious of anyone, so also the Lord’s devotee is never envious of anyone. The only justification for Mahārāja Parīkṣit’s behavior is that it was ordained by the Lord.

M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit
T
the brāhmaṇa sage (Śamīka Ṛṣi)

FAQs

This verse states that when Parīkṣit was suddenly afflicted by hunger and thirst, unprecedented envy and anger arose in him—showing how bodily agitation can overpower judgment if one is not steady in self-control.

Because his mind was disturbed by intense hunger and thirst, he misread the sage’s silence and, under that agitation, envy and anger arose toward the brāhmaṇa.

It teaches to pause when the body is stressed (hunger, fatigue, thirst), and avoid reacting impulsively—especially toward saints, elders, or teachers—since temporary agitation can lead to lasting regret.