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Shloka 12

Śrī Rāmacandra-avatāra — Vow, Exile, Laṅkā-vijaya, and Rāma-rājya

Concise Bhāgavata Account

दग्ध्वात्मकृत्यहतकृत्यमहन् कबन्धं सख्यं विधाय कपिभिर्दयितागतिं तै: । बुद्ध्वाथ वालिनि हते प्लवगेन्द्रसैन्यै- र्वेलामगात् स मनुजोऽजभवार्चिताङ्‌घ्रि: ॥ १२ ॥

dagdhvātma-kṛtya-hata-kṛtyam ahan kabandhaṁ sakhyaṁ vidhāya kapibhir dayitā-gatiṁ taiḥ buddhvātha vālini hate plavagendra-sainyair velām agāt sa manujo ’ja-bhavārcitāṅghriḥ

พระราม ผู้ซึ่งพระพรหมและพระศิวะบูชา ได้ประกอบพิธีศพแก่พญานกสดายุ ทรงสังหารกबंधะ เป็นมิตรกับเหล่าวานร และสังหารพาลี จากนั้นทรงนำทัพวานรไปยังชายฝั่งมหาสมุทร

dagdhvāhaving burned
dagdhvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√dah (धातु)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), “having burned”
ātma-kṛtya-hata-kṛtyam(Kabandha) whose purpose was ended by his own act
ātma-kṛtya-hata-kṛtyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootātman + kṛtya + hata (√han) + kṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; describing kabandham: “whose (own) duty was destroyed by his own deed”
ahan(he) killed
ahan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
FormLaṅ (Imperfect/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
kabandhamKabandha
kabandham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkabandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
sakhyamfriendship
sakhyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsakhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
vidhāyahaving formed
vidhāya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√dhā (धातु)
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), “having made/established”
kapibhiḥwith the monkeys
kapibhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सह)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; “with the monkeys”
dayitā-gatimthe whereabouts of (his) beloved
dayitā-gatim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdayitā + gati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; “the course/whereabouts of (his) beloved”
taiḥby/with them
taiḥ:
Karaṇa/Saha (करण/सह)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; pronoun referring to kapibhiḥ
buddhvāhaving learned
buddhvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√budh (धातु)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), “having understood/learned”
athathen
atha:
Vākyasaṅgati (वाक्यसङ्गति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; discourse particle
vāliniwhen Vāli
vālini:
Kāla/Locative absolute (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvālin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; locative absolute with hate: “when Vāli was slain”
hatehad been killed
hate:
Kāla/Locative absolute (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Roothata (√han, धातु)
FormPuṁliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; kta-participle in locative absolute
plavagendra-sainyaiḥwith the monkey-king’s armies
plavagendra-sainyaiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सह)
TypeNoun
Rootplavaga + indra + sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; “with the armies of the lord of monkeys (Sugrīva)”
velāmthe seashore
velām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvelā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
agātwent
agāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
FormLaṅ (Imperfect/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
manujaḥthe man (Rāma)
manujaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmanuja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; apposition to saḥ
aja-bhava-arcita-aṅghriḥwhose feet are worshipped by Brahmā and Śiva
aja-bhava-arcita-aṅghriḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootaja + bhava + arcita (√arc, धातु) + aṅghri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: “he whose feet are worshipped by Aja (Brahmā) and Bhava (Śiva)”

When Rāvaṇa kidnapped Sītā, he was obstructed on the way by Jaṭāyu, a large bird. But the powerful Rāvaṇa defeated Jaṭāyu in the fight and cut his wing. When Rāmacandra was searching for Sītā, He found Jaṭāyu almost dead and was informed that Sītā has been carried off by Rāvaṇa. When Jaṭāyu died, Lord Rāmacandra did the duty of a son by performing the funeral ceremony, and then He made friends with the monkeys to deliver Sītādevī.

Ś
Śrī Rāma
K
Kabandha
S
Sītā
V
Vālī
S
Sugrīva
B
Brahmā

FAQs

This verse states that Śrī Rāma established friendship with the monkeys, who then guided Him toward finding Sītā, and later He advanced with Sugrīva’s army to the ocean shore.

Kabandha is described as a being ruined by his own deeds; Śrī Rāma burned him, completing that episode, after which the vanaras helped indicate the way to Sītā.

Even the highest beings honor the Lord; cultivating humility and taking shelter of the Lord’s guidance helps one find the “path” through difficult circumstances, just as Rāma was guided toward His goal.