Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 35
Chapter 19
एते यमाः स-नियमाः उभयोर् द्वादश स्मृताः ।
पुंसाम् उपासितास् तात यथा-कामं दुहन्ति हि ॥
ete yamāḥ sa-niyamā ubhayor dvādaśa smṛtāḥ / puṃsām upāsitās tāta yathā-kāmaṃ duhanti hi //
ยมะและนิยามะเหล่านี้—รวมกันเป็นสิบสอง—เป็นวินัยคู่ที่คัมภีร์จดจำไว้ โอ้อุทธวะผู้เป็นที่รัก เมื่อมนุษย์นอบน้อมปฏิบัติ ย่อมให้ผลตามความมุ่งหมายที่ตนปรารถนา
In this section of the Eleventh Canto, Lord Kṛṣṇa instructs Uddhava on practical spiritual discipline. Here He summarizes the ethical restraints (yama) and observances (niyama) as a complete set of twelve, presenting them as complementary—outer regulation and inner cultivation. The Lord’s point is not merely moralism; these principles are spiritual technologies that purify consciousness and make the heart fit for higher realization. The phrase “yathā-kāmam duhanti” (“they milk out results according to desire”) indicates that disciplined living reliably produces outcomes: worldly stability for those seeking ordered life, clarity and self-mastery for the contemplative, and—when aligned with bhakti—steady progress toward pure devotion. Yet the Bhagavatam’s deeper implication is that the best ‘desire’ is to desire the Lord; then these disciplines become supports for unwavering remembrance, service, and surrender. Thus, yama-niyama are presented as universally beneficial, but their highest perfection is achieved when they are practiced in relation to Kṛṣṇa—transforming character into devotion and restraint into love.
FAQs
In Bhagavatam 11.19.35, Lord Kṛṣṇa states that yamas and niyamas together form a set of twelve disciplines, and when practiced they reliably produce results according to one’s spiritual aim.
Kṛṣṇa teaches Uddhava practical disciplines to stabilize the mind and senses, making one fit for higher realization and especially for steady devotion (bhakti) in daily life.
By adopting consistent restraints and observances—such as truthfulness, self-control, cleanliness, and contentment—and directing them toward remembrance and service of God, one gains clarity, peace, and steady spiritual growth.