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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 41

Vānaprastha-vidhi and Sannyāsa-dharma: Austerity, Detachment, and the Paramahaṁsa Ideal

यस्त्वसंयतषड्‍वर्ग: प्रचण्डेन्द्रियसारथि: । ज्ञानवैराग्यरहितस्‍त्रिदण्डमुपजीवति ॥ ४० ॥ सुरानात्मानमात्मस्थं निह्नुते मां च धर्महा । अविपक्व‍कषायोऽस्मादमुष्माच्च विहीयते ॥ ४१ ॥

yas tv asaṁyata-ṣaḍ-vargaḥ pracaṇḍendriya-sārathiḥ jñāna-vairāgya-rahitas tridaṇḍam upajīvati

ผู้ใดมิได้ควบคุมมายาหกประการ—กาม โทสะ โลภะ ความคึกคะนอง อหังการ และความมึนเมา; ผู้ซึ่งปัญญาอันเป็นสารถีของอินทรีย์กลับยึดติดวัตถุอย่างรุนแรง; ผู้ไร้ทั้งญาณและความคลายกำหนัด; ผู้ถือไตรทัณฑ์และรับสันยาสเพื่อเลี้ยงชีพ; ผู้ปฏิเสธเทวะที่ควรบูชา ตนเอง และพระผู้เป็นสูงสุดผู้สถิตในตน (คือเรา) ทำลายธรรมทั้งปวง—ผู้นั้นยังมีมลทินไม่สุกงอม จึงหลงผิดและพินาศทั้งในโลกนี้และโลกหน้า

सुरान्the gods
सुरान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
आत्मानम्the Self
आत्मानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आत्मस्थम्situated within oneself
आत्मस्थम्:
Karma-anvaya (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्म (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भाव: ‘situated in the self’ (qualifies आत्मानम्)
निह्नुतेconceals; denies
निह्नुते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-ह्नु (धातु)
Formलट् (present indicative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction): ‘and’
धर्महाdestroyer of dharma
धर्महा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (धातु) → ह (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘slayer/destroyer of dharma’; agent-noun from √हन्
अविपक्व-कषायःwhose impurities are not yet matured/cleansed
अविपक्व-कषायः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअविपक्व (प्रातिपदिक) + कषाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘unripe/uncooked impurities (passions)’
अस्मात्from this (world/state)
अस्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पञ्चमी (ablative 5), एकवचन
अमुṣ्मात्from that (world/state)
अमुṣ्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction): ‘and’
विहीयतेis deprived/left out
विहीयते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हा (धातु)
Formलट् (present indicative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; passive sense: ‘is abandoned/deprived’

Lord Kṛṣṇa here condemns bogus personalities who adopt the sannyāsa order of life for sense gratification while still maintaining all of the symptoms of gross illusion. A false show of sannyāsa is never accepted by intelligent followers of Vedic principles. So-called sannyāsīs who ruin all Vedic religious principles sometimes become famous among foolish persons, but they are simply cheating themselves and their followers. These charlatan sannyāsīs are never actually engaged in the loving devotional service of Lord Kṛṣṇa.

K
Kṛṣṇa
U
Uddhava

FAQs

This verse warns that one who denies the Lord situated within the self, and thus becomes a destroyer of dharma, loses both worldly stability and spiritual progress—becoming bereft of benefits in this life and the next.

In the Uddhava Gītā, Kṛṣṇa explains true varṇāśrama and genuine renunciation. Here He cautions Uddhava against hypocritical renunciants who lack self-control and inner purification, and who reject divine authority while living by religious symbols.

Cultivate inner integrity: practice self-control, humility, and purification rather than merely external religious identity. Respect the sacred presence of the Lord within all beings and live dharmically so that spiritual practice yields real transformation.