Shloka 3

Jarāsandha’s Siege of Mathurā, Kṛṣṇa-Balarāma’s Victory, and the Founding of Dvārakā amid Kālayavana’s Threat

Devanagari script

स तदप्रियमाकर्ण्य शोकामर्षयुतो नृप । अयादवीं महीं कर्तुं चक्रे परममुद्यमम् ॥ ३ ॥

Transliteration

sa tad apriyam ākarṇya śokāmarṣa-yuto nṛpa ayādavīṁ mahīṁ kartuṁ cakre paramam udyamam

Translation

เมื่อได้ยินข่าวอันน่าชิงชังนั้น ข้าแต่พระราชา ชราสันธะแห่งมคธเต็มไปด้วยโศกและพิโรธ แล้วเริ่มความพยายามยิ่งใหญ่เพื่อกวาดล้างชาวยาทวะออกจากแผ่นดิน

Synonyms

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (demonstrative)

• अप्रियम्: unpleasant news/thing
• अप्रियम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; भाव/वस्तुनाम (unpleasant thing)

• आकर्ण्य: having heard
• आकर्ण्य: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + कर्ण् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having heard’

• शोकामर्षयुतः: endowed with grief and anger
• शोकामर्षयुतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + अमर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + युत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √युज्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषार्थे समासः (शोक-अमर्ष-युक्तः = endowed with grief and indignation)

• नृप: O king
• नृप: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• अयादवीम्: non-Yādava
• अयादवीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अयादवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (non-Yādava)

• महीम्: earth/land
• महीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• कर्तुम्: to make
• कर्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्यय; ‘to make/do’

• चक्रे: he undertook/made
• चक्रे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• परमम्: great/utmost
• परमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• उद्यमम्: effort/enterprise
• उद्यमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

Characters & Entities

• Jarāsandha
• Yādavas

FAQs

Why did Jarāsandha want to destroy the Yādavas in the Srimad Bhagavatam?

Because he heard distressing news that inflamed his grief and anger, Jarāsandha resolved to retaliate by attempting to eliminate the Yādavas, the clan closely associated with Śrī Kṛṣṇa.

Who is speaking Bhagavatam 10.50.3 and to whom is it addressed?

Śukadeva Gosvāmī speaks this verse while narrating to King Parīkṣit, describing Jarāsandha’s reaction and hostile resolve.

What is the practical lesson of Bhagavatam 10.50.3 for modern life?

The verse highlights how hearing something unpleasant can trigger grief and anger that drive destructive decisions; a devotee learns to pause, regulate emotions, and act according to dharma rather than vengeance.