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Shloka 11

Kṛṣṇa Visits Trivakrā; Akrūra’s Praise and the Hastināpura Mission

दुराराध्यं समाराध्य विष्णुं सर्वेश्वरेश्वरम् । यो वृणीते मनोग्राह्यमसत्त्वात् कुमनीष्यसौ ॥ ११ ॥

durārdhyaṁ samārādhya viṣṇuṁ sarveśvareśvaram yo vṛṇīte mano-grāhyam asattvāt kumanīṣy asau

พระวิษณุ ผู้เป็นจอมเหนือจอมทั้งปวง โดยทั่วไปเข้าถึงได้ยาก ผู้ใดบูชาพระองค์อย่างถูกต้องแล้วกลับเลือกพรเป็นสุขทางกามคุณ ย่อมเป็นผู้ปัญญาน้อย เพราะพอใจในผลอันเล็กน้อย

दुराराध्यम्hard to propitiate
दुराराध्यम्:
विशेषण (qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर् + आराध्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √राध्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘विष्णुम्’ इति कर्मपदस्य विशेषणम्; उपसर्ग-समासः (दुर् + आराध्य)
समाराध्यhaving propitiated
समाराध्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + राध् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तम् (Gerund), ‘having duly worshipped/propitiated’
विष्णुम्Vishnu
विष्णुम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
सर्वेश्वर-ईश्वरम्the Lord of the lords of all
सर्वेश्वर-ईश्वरम्:
विशेषण (of विष्णुम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व + ईश्वर + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेश्वराणाम् ईश्वरः)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्ययः (relative pronoun)
वृणीतेchooses
वृणीते:
क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु; √वृ ‘choose’)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्
मनोग्राह्यम्something grasped by the mind (mental)
मनोग्राह्यम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeAdjective
Rootमनस् + ग्राह्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √ग्रह्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘(किं?)’ इति वृणीते इत्यस्य कर्म; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मनसा ग्राह्यम्)
असत्त्वात्due to lack of true substance/faith
असत्त्वात्:
हेतु (cause/reason)
TypeNoun
Rootअ + सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (5th/Ablative), एकवचनम्; हेतौ (cause)
कुमनीषीa foolish/ill-minded person
कुमनीषी:
विशेषण (of असौ)
TypeNoun
Rootकु + मनीषिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘असौ’ इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषण-रूपेण
असौthat person
असौ:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; निर्देश-सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

It is clear from the commentaries of the ācāryas that the story of Trivakrā is to be understood on two levels. On the one hand, she is understood to be a liberated soul, directly associating with the Lord and participating in His pastimes. On the other hand, her conduct is clearly meant to teach a lesson about what not to do in relation with Lord Kṛṣṇa. Since all of the Lord’s pastimes are not only blissful but also didactic, there is no real contradiction in this pastime, since Trivakrā’s purity and her bad example take place on two distinct levels. Arjuna is also considered a pure devotee, yet by initially disobeying Kṛṣṇa’s instruction to fight, he also showed an example of what not to do. However, such “bad examples” always have happy endings in the blissful association of the Absolute Truth, Śrī Kṛṣṇa.

V
Viṣṇu

FAQs

This verse says that after properly worshiping Viṣṇu, choosing a boon that only gratifies the mind—due to impurity—shows misguided intelligence; the implied ideal is to seek devotion and spiritual benefit rather than mere sense-pleasure.

As Akrūra approaches Vraja and reflects devotionally, he contrasts pure worship of the Supreme Lord with the common tendency to ask for mind-pleasing, temporary rewards, emphasizing a devotee’s higher aim.

When you pray or set intentions, prioritize inner transformation—character, devotion, and clarity—over short-term gratification; treat success and comfort as secondary, not the goal of spiritual practice.