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Shloka 64

Kāliya-damana: Kṛṣṇa Subdues the Serpent and Purifies the Yamunā

श्रीऋषिरुवाच मुक्तो भगवता राजन् कृष्णेनाद्भुतकर्मणा । तं पूजयामास मुदा नागपत्‍न्यश्च सादरम् ॥ ६४ ॥

śrī-ṛṣir uvāca mukto bhagavatā rājan kṛṣṇenādbhuta-karmaṇā taṁ pūjayām āsa mudā nāga-patnyaś ca sādaram

ฤๅษีกล่าวว่า—ข้าแต่พระราชา เมื่อถูกปลดปล่อยโดยพระกฤษณะผู้เป็นภควาน ผู้ทรงกิจอัศจรรย์แล้ว กาลิยะพร้อมด้วยภรรยานาคทั้งหลายได้บูชาพระองค์ด้วยความปีติและความเคารพยิ่ง

śrī-ṛṣiḥthe venerable sage
śrī-ṛṣiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative/प्रथमा (1), Singular/एकवचन; honorific karmadhāraya ‘venerable sage’
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect/लिट्, 3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष, Singular/एकवचन; parasmaipada
muktaḥfreed
muktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootmuc (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative/प्रथमा (1), Singular/एकवचन; ‘freed’
bhagavatāby the Lord
bhagavatā:
Karana (करण/Agent-instrument; by)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental/तृतीया (3), Singular/एकवचन
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative/सम्बोधन, Singular/एकवचन
kṛṣṇenaby Kṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇena:
Karana (करण/Agent-instrument; by)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental/तृतीया (3), Singular/एकवचन
adbhuta-karmaṇāof marvelous deeds
adbhuta-karmaṇā:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootadbhuta (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental/तृतीया (3), Singular/एकवचन; adjective agreeing with kṛṣṇena; ‘of wondrous deeds’
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative/द्वितीया (2), Singular/एकवचन
pūjayāmworship
pūjayām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpūj (धातु)
FormDesiderative/Intensive stem used in periphrastic perfect construction: pūjayām + āsa; here ‘worship’ as verbal base
āsadid (began/continued)
āsa:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormPeriphrastic perfect auxiliary (लिट्-परस्मैपद), 3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष, Singular/एकवचन; with pūjayām forms ‘pūjayām āsa’
mudāwith joy
mudā:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootmudā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental/तृतीया (3), Singular/एकवचन; adverbial use ‘with joy/joyfully’
nāga-patnyaḥthe serpent-wives
nāga-patnyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक) + patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative/प्रथमा (1), Plural/बहुवचन; ‘wives of the serpent’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
sādaramrespectfully
sādaram:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsa-ādara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय), accusative used adverbially; ‘with respect’

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura comments as follows on this verse: “The word adbhuta-karmaṇā indicates the Lord’s wonderful activities of saving the residents of Vṛndāvana from Kāliya, saving Kāliya himself from Garuḍa, and bestowing grace upon both the victims of violence and the committer of that violence.” The word kṛṣṇena, “by Kṛṣṇa,” indicates that because Kāliya’s wives were great devotees of the Lord and offered Him loving affection, Kṛṣṇa withdrew ( karṣaṇam ) both Kāliya’s offense against the Lord’s devotee Garuḍa and that against the residents of Vṛndāvana, who were very dear to Him.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
K
Kṛṣṇa
K
Kāliya
N
Nāga-patnīs (wives of Kāliya)

FAQs

This verse states that after being released by Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa, Kāliya responded by worshiping Him joyfully—showing that Kṛṣṇa’s mercy can transform even a harmful offender into a reverent worshiper.

Śukadeva is narrating the Kāliya-līlā to King Parīkṣit in a teacher-disciple setting, marking a key turn in the story: after chastisement, Kāliya is freed and offers worship, along with his wives.

Accept correction with humility, and respond to grace with gratitude: when given a chance to change, honor the divine and cultivate reverence rather than returning to harmful habits.