Atharva Veda 18.4.45 — Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 45

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सर॑स्वतीं देव॒यन्तो॑ हवन्ते॒ सर॑स्वतीमध्व॒रे ता॒यमा॑ने । सर॑स्वतीं सु॒कृतो॑ हवन्ते॒ सर॑स्वती दा॒शुषे॑ वार्यं॑ दात्

IAST Transliteration

sárasvatīṃ devayánto havante sárasvatīm adhvaré tāyámāne | sárasvatīṃ sukṛ́to havante sárasvatī dāśúṣe vā́ryaṃ dāt ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Sarasvatī the god-seeking call upon—Sarasvatī in the sacrifice as it is drawn out. Sarasvatī the well-doers call upon: Sarasvatī may give the offerer a choice boon.

Translation

ผู้แสวงหาเทพย่อมอัญเชิญสรัสวตี (Sarasvatī) ผู้เดียวกันนั้น—ในพิธีบูชา (adhvara) เมื่อพิธีถูกยืดขยายดำเนินไป ก็อัญเชิญสรัสวตี ผู้ทำความดีสำเร็จย่อมอัญเชิญสรัสวตี ขอสรัสวตีประทานพรอันประเสริฐที่ผู้ถวายบูชาปรารถนา (dāśuṣ)

Word by Word

• सरस्वतीम्: Sarasvatī (goddess), (as) the one invoked
• सरस्वतीम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक) प्रत्ययः -ई

• देवयन्तः: seeking/serving the gods
• देवयन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देवय् (धातु) → देवयन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ) अथवा देवयन्त् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘देवयन्त्’ = देवकाम/देवपूजक)

• हवन्ते: they invoke/call
• हवन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: हू (धातु) ‘आह्वाने’

• सरस्वतीम्: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वतीम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध्वरे: in the sacrifice/rite
• अध्वरे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• तायमाने: while it is proceeding/being carried on
• तायमाने: अधिकरण
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: ताय्/तन् (धातु; वैदिक ‘तायते/तायमान’ = to extend/proceed/advance) → तायमान (शानच्)

• सरस्वतीम्: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वतीम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुकृतः: the well-doers/virtuous ones
• सुकृतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सु-कृत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well-done/virtuous’)

• हवन्ते: invoke
• हवन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: हू (धातु)

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वती: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)

• दाशुषे: to the giver/worshipper
• दाशुषे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun (agent, ‘giver/worshipper’)
• Root: दाश्वस्/दाशुष् (प्रातिपदिक; √दा/√दाश् ‘to give, to worship by giving’)

• वार्यम्: a desirable boon/treasure
• वार्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used as noun)
• Root: वार्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘choice, excellent, desirable’)

• दात्: may she give / let her give
• दात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) ‘दाने’

Attribution

Rishi: Anukramaṇī-dependent

Devata: Sarasvatī

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; long pādas with extended cadence)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta