Atharva Veda 18.3.53: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 53

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

इ॒मम॑ग्ने चम॒सं मा वि जि॑ह्वरः॑ प्रि॒यो दे॒वाना॑मु॒त सो॒म्याना॑म्। अ॒यं यश्च॑म॒सो दे॑व॒पान॒स्तस्मि॑न् दे॒वा अ॒मृता॑ मादयन्ताम्

IAST Transliteration

imám agne camasáṁ mā́ ví jihvaraḥ priyó devā́nām utá somyā́nām | ayáṁ yáś camasó devapā́nas tásmin devā́ amṛ́tā mādayantām ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This cup, O Agni, do not thou overturn or mar—dear to the Gods, and dear to the Soma-worthy. This is the cup, the draught of Gods: therein let the immortal Gods take joy and exult.

Translation

อัคนี (Agni) เอ๋ย อย่าคว่ำหรือทำให้ถ้วยนี้เสียหายเลย; เป็นที่รักของเหล่าเทพ และเป็นที่รักของผู้คู่ควรแก่โสมะ. นี่คือถ้วยแห่งเครื่องดื่มของเทพทั้งหลาย; ขอให้เทพผู้เป็นอมฤตะทั้งหลายยินดีรื่นเริงและเปรมปรีดิ์อยู่ในนั้น.

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Word by Word

• इमम्: this (one/this)
• इमम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (Pronoun)
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• चमसम्: cup; ladle (soma-cup)
• चमसम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमस (प्रातिपदिक)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• वि: apart; away
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• जिह्वरः: tongued; with tongue (i.e., licking/withdrawing with the tongue)
• जिह्वरः: कर्तृ (अध्याहृत-क्रियायाः/भवति इत्यर्थे)
• Type: Adjective (used predicatively)
• Root: जिह्वर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘जिह्वर’ = जिह्वा-सम्बद्धः/जिह्वायुक्तः)

• प्रियः: dear; beloved
• प्रियः: कर्तृ/विशेषणम् (अग्नेः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय)

• सोम्यानाम्: of the soma-drinkers / of the Soma-related (ones)
• सोम्यानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: सोम्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अयम्: this (here)
• अयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (Pronoun)
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who/which
• यः: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धवाक्ये)
• Type: Noun (Relative pronoun)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चमसः: the cup
• चमसः: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धवाक्ये)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमस (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवपानः: for the gods’ drinking; god-drinking (vessel)
• देवपानः: विशेषणम् (चमसस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देवपान (प्रातिपदिक; देव + पान ‘drinking’)

• तस्मिन्: in that; in it
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun (Pronoun)
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृताः: immortal
• अमृताः: विशेषणम् (देवाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• मादयन्ताम्: let them rejoice/be exhilarated
• मादयन्ताम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु) / मादयति (णिजन्त-प्रयोगः)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic ritual tradition (Book 18 context; specific r̥ṣi varies by anukramaṇī).

Devata: Agni; secondarily the Devas as recipients

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (confirm by metrical count).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta