Atharva Veda 18.2.26: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 26

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यत् ते॒ अङ्ग॒मति॑हितं परा॒चैर॑पा॒नः प्रा॒णो य उ॑ वा ते॒ परे॑तः । तत् ते सं॒गत्य॑ पि॒तरः॒ सनी॑डा घा॒साद् घा॒सं पुन॒रा वे॑शयन्तु

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 18.2.26

IAST Transliteration

yát te áṅgám atihitáṃ parācáir apānáḥ prāṇó yá u vā te parétaḥ | tát te saṅgátya pitáraḥ sanīḍā́ ghāsā́d ghā́sāṃ púnar ā́ veśayantu

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

What limb of thine is set astray afar—what apāna, what prāṇa of thee, O departed—let the Fathers, of one abode, gathering it together for thee, cause it to enter again, portion by portion, from fodder unto fodder.

Translation

อวัยวะส่วนใดของท่านที่หลงเคลื่อนไปไกล—อปานะ (apāna) ใด ปราณะ (prāṇa) ใดของท่าน โอ้ผู้ล่วงลับ—ขอให้บรรพชน (Pitṛ) ผู้มีที่อยู่ร่วมกัน รวบรวมสิ่งนั้นให้ท่าน แล้วทำให้กลับเข้าสู่ท่านอีกครั้ง ทีละส่วนทีละส่วน ดุจจากหญ้าเลี้ยงสัตว์สู่หญ้าเลี้ยงสัตว์.

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Word by Word

• यत्: whatever / that which
• यत्: Karma (यद्-तद् सम्बन्धेन ‘तत्’ इत्यस्य विषयः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अङ्गम्: limb; body-part
• अङ्गम्: Karma (विषयः—‘अङ्गम्’ यत्… )
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतिहितम्: over-placed; displaced; put beyond its place
• अतिहितम्: Karma (अङ्गस्य अवस्था)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: अति-√धा (धातु) → ‘हित’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) with उपसर्ग ‘अति’

• पराचैः: away; from afar; in a backward direction
• पराचैः: Karaṇa (रीत्या/प्रकारेण—‘दूरतः/पराङ्मुखैः’)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: पराच् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘backward/away’)

• अपानः: apāna (downward vital breath)
• अपानः: Kartā (अतिहितं… [करोति/भवति] इति भावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपान (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्राणः: prāṇa (vital breath)
• प्राणः: Kartā (अपानेन सह समुच्चितः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who; which
• यः: Kartā (सापेक्ष-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उ: indeed; also (emphatic particle)
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परेतः: gone away; departed (esp. deceased)
• परेतः: Kartā (यः… परेतः = ‘who has gone forth/away’)
• Type: Adjective (past participial)
• Root: परा-√इ (धातु) → ‘परेत’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; गत/अतीत) अथवा ‘परेत’ (विशेषण)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (पुनः-उद्धृतं ‘यत्’ इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्

• संगत्य: having come together; assembling
• संगत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Gerund (absolutive)
• Root: सम्-√गम् (धातु) → ‘संगत्य’ (ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त)

• पितरः: the Fathers; ancestral spirits
• पितरः: Kartā (वेśयन्तु इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनीडाः: sharing one seat; united in one abode
• सनीडाः: Kartā (पितॄणां विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-नीड (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having one nest/seat’)

• घासात्: from fodder; from food
• घासात्: Apādāna (यतः—‘from fodder/food’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घास (प्रातिपदिक)

• घासम्: fodder; food
• घासम्: Karma (यत् वेśयन्तु/प्रवेशयन्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घास (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुनः: again; back
• पुनः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पुनरावृत्तिः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)

• आ: towards; into
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वेशयन्तु: may they cause (it) to enter; may they restore/bring back in
• वेशयन्तु: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विश् (धातु) — causative √विश् → वेśय (णिच्)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary tradition (AV 18)

Devata: Pitṛs (sanīḍāḥ), with implicit focus on prāṇa/apāna as vital powers

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (with Atharvanic syntactic density)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: karuna