Sutra 16

Devanagari script

नवस्तु राजा बलावर्जितं ममेदं राज्यमिति यथेष्टमनवग्रहश्चरति ॥ कZ_०८.२.१६ ॥

Transliteration

navas tu rājā balāvarjitaṃ mamedaṃ rājyam iti yatheṣṭam anavagrahaś carati

Translation

แต่กษัตริย์องค์ใหม่—ผู้ยังไร้กำลังอำนาจที่มั่นคง—คิดว่า ‘อาณาจักรนี้เป็นของเรา’ แล้วประพฤติตามใจ ด้วยความยับยั้งชั่งใจน้อย

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Particle
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्ययम्

• वस्तु: resources/means (property, material means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्/वस्तु
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (सन्दर्भे ‘वस्तु’ = वस्तु/संपत्ति/उपकरणम्)

• राजा: the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• बलावर्जितम्: devoid of force/power (without an army/strength)
• Type: Adjective (PPP)
• Root: वर्ज्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; ‘बलस्य वर्जितम्’ = बल-रहितम्; कृदन्तः (क्त)

• मम: my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचनम्

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• राज्यम्: kingdom/state
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• इति: thus (thinking/claiming)
• Type: Quotative particle
• Root: इति
• Form: इत्यादि-वचन-परामर्शक-अव्ययम्

• यथेष्टम्: as he pleases; at will
• Type: Adverb (indeclinable usage)
• Root: इष्
• Form: ‘यथा + इष्टम्’ → अव्ययीभावः; अर्थे ‘यथेच्छम्’

• अनवग्रहः: unrestrained; without check/obstruction
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अवग्रह
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा एकवचनम्; नञ्-समास/उपसर्ग-निषेधः: ‘अवग्रह’ (restraint/obstruction) + अ- = without restraint

• चरति: moves about; acts; behaves
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्
• Form: लट्-लकारः, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• new king
• kingdom

More Details

FAQs

Why is the new king described as ‘balāvarjita’ yet acting ‘anavagraha’?

Because formal accession can produce psychological certainty of ownership before real coercive/administrative power is consolidated, leading to rash, unchecked decisions.