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Sutra 13

व्याधितो नवो वा राजेति व्याधितो राजा राज्योपघातममात्यमूलं प्राणाबाधं वा राज्यमूलमवाप्नोति नवस्तु राजा स्वधर्मानुग्रहपरिहारदानमानकर्मभिः प्रकृतिरञ्जनोपकारैश्चरति इत्याचार्याः ॥ कZ_०८.२.१३ ॥

vyādhito navo vā rājeti vyādhito rājā rājyopaghātam amātyamūlaṃ prāṇābādhaṃ vā rājyamūlam avāpnoti navaḥ tu rājā svadharmānugraha-parihāra-dāna-māna-karmabhiḥ prakṛtirañjanopakāraiś carati ity ācāryāḥ

บรรดาอาจารย์กล่าวว่า: ‘กษัตริย์ที่เจ็บป่วย หรือกษัตริย์องค์ใหม่’ กษัตริย์ที่เจ็บป่วยย่อมประสบความเสียหายต่อรัฐ—อาจเป็นความปั่นป่วนที่มีรากจากเหล่าอำมาตย์—หรือภัยต่อชีวิตซึ่งกระทบถึงรากฐานแห่งอธิปไตย ส่วนกษัตริย์องค์ใหม่ดำเนินการด้วยมาตรการที่ทำให้องค์ประกอบของรัฐพอใจ: ประพฤติตามธรรมของตน, ให้ความกรุณา, ผ่อนภาระ, ให้ทาน/ของกำนัล, และมอบเกียรติยศ.

व्याधितः(a king) who is ill / afflicted
व्याधितः:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootव्याधि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; व्याधि-युक्तः (past-participial/adjectival usage)
नवःnew (i.e., newly installed)
नवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनव
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय
राजाthe king
राजा:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formउद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्त्यर्थक
व्याधितःthe ill (king)
व्याधितः:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootव्याधि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
राजाthe king
राजा:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
राज्योपघातम्harm/damage to the kingdom
राज्योपघातम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपघात
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; राज्यस्य उपघातम्
अमात्यमूलम्having its root in the ministers / rooted in the ministerial establishment
अमात्यमूलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; अमात्यस्य/अमात्यानां मूलम् (कारणम्)
प्राणाबाधम्injury/threat to life
प्राणाबाधम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआबाध
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; प्राणानाम् आबाधम्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय
राज्यमूलम्the root/foundation of the kingdom
राज्यमूलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; राज्यस्य मूलम् (आधार/मूलकारणम्)
अवाप्नोतिattains / incurs
अवाप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootअव√आप्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष-एकवचन
नवःthe new (king)
नवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनव
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय
राजाthe king
राजा:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
स्वधर्मानुग्रहपरिहारदानमानकर्मभिःby acts such as upholding his own duty, showing favour, granting relief, giving gifts, and conferring honour
स्वधर्मानुग्रहपरिहारदानमानकर्मभिः:
TypeNoun (instrumental plural; compound)
Rootकर्मन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-बहुवचन; स्वधर्म + अनुग्रह + परिहार + दान + मान + कर्म (समाहार/सूची-समास), तैः कर्मभिः
प्रकृतिरञ्जनोपकारैःby benefits that win over/conciliate the subjects (state elements)
प्रकृतिरञ्जनोपकारैः:
TypeNoun (instrumental plural; compound)
Rootउपकार
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-बहुवचन; प्रकृतीनां रञ्जनम् (winning over) + उपकाराः (benefits) → प्रकृतिरञ्जन-उपकारैः
चरतिacts / conducts himself
चरति:
TypeVerb
Root√चर्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष-एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formउद्धरण-समाप्त्यर्थक
आचार्याःthe teachers/authorities (say)
आचार्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन
K
king
M
ministers
P
prakṛtis (state constituents)

FAQs

State injury driven by ministerial maneuvering and direct threats to the king’s life—both undermining the foundations of rule.

Dharma-aligned conduct plus practical conciliation: favors, relief/remissions, gifts, and honors to win over the prakṛtis.