Sutra 25
Devanagari script
मध्यमोदासीनयोर्बलांशदाने यः शूरं कृतास्त्रं दुःखसहमनुरक्तं वा दण्डं ददाति सोऽतिसंधीयते ॥ कZ_०७.८.२५ ॥
Transliteration
madhyamodāsīnayor balāṃśadāne yaḥ śūraṃ kṛtāstraṃ duḥkhasaham anuraktaṃ vā daṇḍaṃ dadāti so ’tisaṃdhīyate
Translation
ในการส่งกำลังส่วนหนึ่งให้กษัตริย์ฝ่ายกลางหรือฝ่ายเป็นกลาง ผู้ใดมอบกองกำลังที่กล้าหาญ ติดอาวุธพร้อม ทนทุกข์ยากได้ หรือจงรักภักดีเป็นการส่วนตัว—ผู้นั้นย่อมทำอาติสันธิ (ผูกมัด/ทุ่มเทเกินควร)
Word by Word
मध्यमthe ‘middle’ king (a mandala-category ruler)
मध्यम:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमध्यम
Formपुंलिङ्गे (राजा-विशेषः) प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (समासे पूर्वपदम्)
उदासीनयोःof the neutral king (dual with ‘madhyama’: of the madhyama and the udāsīna)
उदासीनयोः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootउदासीन
Formपुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचनम् (समासे उत्तरपदम्)
बलांशदानेin the giving of a portion of military force (sending a contingent)
बलांशदाने:
TypeNoun
Rootबलांश-दान
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी एकवचनम्; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (बलस्य अंशः → बलांशः; बलांशस्य दानम्)
यःwho (he who)
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम् (सम्बन्ध-प्रत्ययः)
शूरम्a brave man/warrior
शूरम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootशूर
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
कृतास्त्रम्trained in weapons; weapon-skilled
कृतास्त्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-अस्त्र
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्; समासः कर्मधारयः (कृतम् अस्त्रम् यस्य)
दुःखसहम्enduring hardship
दुःखसहम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-सह
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (दुःखं सहते इति)
अनुरक्तम्attached/loyal (devoted)
अनुरक्तम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootअनु-रञ्ज्
Formभूतकृदन्तः (क्त); पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्
दण्डम्coercive force; the rod/punitive power (here: armed force)
दण्डम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formलट् लकारः; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्
अतिसंधीयतेenters into an excessive/overreaching alliance (over-commits)
अतिसंधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-सम्-धा
Formलट् लकारः; आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः (प्रायः ‘अतिसन्धि’—अतिशयेन सन्धिं करोति/अतिसन्धिं गच्छति)
Entities Mentioned
M
madhyama (middle king)U
udāsīna (neutral)D
daṇḍa (force)FAQs
Because loyal/elite units are high-value strategic capital; transferring them increases dependency and reduces the sender’s deterrence and internal security margin.