Sutra 11
Devanagari script
आरण्योऽग्निरिव हि दुःखामर्षजं तेजो विक्रमयति ॥ कZ_०७.३.११ ॥
Transliteration
āraṇyo'gnir iva hi duḥkhāmarṣajaṃ tejo vikramayati
Translation
เพราะดุจไฟป่าที่ลุกลาม อำนาจซึ่งเกิดจากความทุกข์ยากและความคับแค้นย่อมผลักดันให้กระทำการอย่างกล้าหาญและขยายตัว
Word by Word
आरण्यःwild/forest(-born), living in the wilderness
आरण्यः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअरण्य
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; विशेषणम् (अग्निः इत्यस्य)
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; उपमानम्
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeParticle
Rootइव
Formउपमावाचक-अव्ययम्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपातः; अवधारण/हेतुवाचक-प्रयोगः
दुःखामर्षजम्born of (or arising from) intolerance/indignation caused by suffering
दुःखामर्षजम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजन (जन्)
Formदुःख-अमर्ष-ज (दुःखस्य अमर्षः = दुःखामर्षः; तस्मात् जातम्); द्वितीया-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; तेजः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
तेजःenergy, brilliance, vigor (royal prowess)
तेजः:
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
Formप्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; कर्म (विक्रमयति इत्यस्य)
विक्रमयतिimpels, drives to valorous action
विक्रमयति:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम
Formलट्-लकारः, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; णिच् (कारण) प्रयोगः: वि+क्रम् → विक्रम् (to stride forth/act with valor) → विक्रमयति (causes to stride forth/impels)
Entities Mentioned
A
aggrieved/weakened actor (implied)FAQs
Do not assume a distressed opponent will stay passive; hardship can generate intense resolve and sudden offensives, so plan deterrence and internal stability accordingly.