Sutra 1

Devanagari script

शमः संधिः समाधिरित्येकोऽर्थः ॥ कZ_०७.१७.०१ ॥

Transliteration

śamaḥ saṃdhiḥ samādhirityeko'rthaḥ

Translation

‘ศมะ’, ‘สันธิ’ และ ‘สมาธิ’ มีความหมายเดียวกัน (คือการยุติข้อพิพาท/การจัดระเบียบสันติภาพ)۔

Word by Word

• शमः: peace; pacification; (in statecraft) a policy of non-aggression/quietude
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम्
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• सन्धिः: alliance; treaty; pact
• Type: Noun
• Root: संधि (सम्+धा/धा)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• समाधिः: settlement; agreement; accommodation
• Type: Noun
• Root: समाधि (सम्+आ+धा)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• इति: thus; so (marking the end of a quotation/definition)
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: निपातः; उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थकः

• एकः: one; single
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; ‘अर्थः’ इति विशेषणम्

• अर्थः: meaning; sense; import
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• śama
• saṃdhi
• samādhi

More Details

FAQs

Why does Kautilya equate these terms?

To standardize the policy concept: peace is operationally a negotiated settlement that produces restraint and predictability between rulers.