Sutra 7

Devanagari script

सामन्ताटविकतत्कुलीनापरुद्धानामन्यतमोपग्रहेण कोशदण्डभूमिदाययाचनमिति भेदमाचरेत् ॥ कZ_०७.१६.०७ ॥

Transliteration

sāmantāṭavikatatkulīnāparuddhānām anyatamopagraheṇa kośadaṇḍabhūmidāyayācanam iti bhedam ācaret

Translation

เขาควรใช้ยุทธวิธี “แบ่งแยก” โดยดึงคนใดคนหนึ่งในบรรดาหัวหน้าเขตชายแดน ผู้นำป่า หัวหน้าตระกูล หรือเชลย มาเข้ารับใช้ แล้วอาศัยผู้นั้นร้องขอจากฝ่ายเขาให้ส่งเงินคลัง การสนับสนุนกำลังอาวุธ หรือการพระราชทานที่ดิน เพื่อทำให้พวกเขาแตกกันเป็นฝ่าย ๆ

Word by Word

• सामन्त: border chief; vassal ruler
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• आटविक: forest chief; tribal leader
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: आटविक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• तत्कुलीन: those belonging to that family/lineage
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: तत्कुलीन
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन (समासपूर्वपद-समूह)

• अपरुद्धानाम्: of those who are confined/blocked/besieged
• Type: Participle (used as Noun)
• Root: अपरुद्ध (√रुध्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘अवरुद्ध/निरुद्ध’

• अन्यतम: of any one (of them)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्यतम
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• उपग्रहेण: by seizing/holding (as leverage); by capture
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपग्रह
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन

• कोश: treasury
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• दण्ड: coercive power; punishment/army
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• भूमि: land; territory
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• दाय: grant; share; allotment
• Type: Noun
• Root: दाय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• याचनम्: request; demand (for)
• Type: Verbal Noun (Action noun)
• Root: याचन (√याच्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; भाववाचक

• इति: thus; namely
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: निपात; उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थ

• भेदम्: dissension; division (as a policy)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेद
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन

• आचरेत्: should practice/undertake (should employ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर्
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; ‘आ-चर्’ = आचरेत्

Entities Mentioned

• sāmantas (frontier chiefs)
• āṭavikas (forest polities)
• clan elites
• captives/detainees

More Details

FAQs

What is the mechanism of bheda described here?

Identify a pliable insider, attach him to your side, then use his standing to fracture unity and redirect resources/force/land to you.

Why include captives (aparuddha) in bheda?

Captives can be turned into informants or intermediaries; their leverage over kin networks can catalyze splits and negotiated compliance.