Sutra 11
Devanagari script
निचयापसारसम्पन्नं हि मनुष्यदुर्गमिच्छेदिति कौटिल्यः ॥ कZ_०७.१५.११ ॥
Transliteration
nicayāpasārasampannaṃ hi manuṣyadurgamicchediti kauṭilyaḥ
Translation
Kautilya says: one should prefer a ‘human fort’—a fortification constituted by reliable men and organization—provided it is equipped with stockpiles and planned withdrawal capacity.
Word by Word
निचयaccumulation, stock, reserves
निचय:
TypeNoun
Root√चि (चिनोति)
Formपु_toggle: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)
अपसारwithdrawal/exit route; means of evacuation
अपसार:
TypeNoun
Rootअप + √सृ (सरति)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)
सम्पन्नम्endowed with, furnished with
सम्पन्नम्:
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Rootसम् + √पद्/√पन् (सम्पद्यते)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषण (दुर्गम् इत्यस्य)
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात; अव्यय
मनुष्य-दुर्गम्a man-made/people-defended fort
मनुष्य-दुर्गम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग (दुर् + √गम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; समासः—मनुष्यैः (रक्षितं/निर्मितं) दुर्गम्
इच्छेत्should desire/should choose
इच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√इष् (इच्छति)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थ
कौटिल्यःKauṭilya (the author/teacher)
कौटिल्यः:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकौटिल्य (प्रा. नाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तृ/वक्तृ-निर्देश
Entities Mentioned
K
KauṭilyaFAQs
A defence system grounded in dependable personnel, discipline, and organization—made effective by supplies and an exit/withdrawal plan.