Sutra 34
Devanagari script
तुल्ये क्षयव्यये यः पुरस्ताद्दूष्यबलं घातयित्वा निह्शल्यः पश्चाद्वश्यबलो युध्येत सोऽतिसंधत्ते ॥ कZ_०७.१३.३४ ॥
Transliteration
tulye kṣayavyaye yaḥ purastād dūṣyabalaṃ ghātayitvā nihśalyaḥ paścād vaśyabalo yudhyeta so 'tisaṃdhatte
Translation
เมื่อความสูญเสียและค่าใช้จ่ายเท่ากัน ผู้ใดทำลายกำลังที่ ‘เสื่อม/ไม่น่าไว้วางใจ’ (dūṣyabala) ก่อน แล้วจึงรบภายหลังด้วยกำลังที่ภักดีและควบคุมได้ (vaśyabala) โดยปราศจาก ‘หนาม’ ภายใน ผู้นั้นย่อมใช้กลยุทธ์ชั้นสูง (atisaṃdhi)
Word by Word
तुल्येwhen (the two are) equal
तुल्ये:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुल्य
Formसप्तमी-द्विवचनम् (नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे/स्त्रीलिङ्गे समानरूपम्); विशेषणम्
क्षयव्ययेin (matters of) loss and expenditure
क्षयव्यये:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय-व्यय
Formसप्तमी-द्विवचनम्; अधिकरणम्; ‘क्षय’ + ‘व्यय’ = loss and expenditure
यःhe who
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम्; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
पुरस्तात्first; beforehand
पुरस्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्
Formअव्ययम्; काल/क्रमवाचकः
दूष्यबलम्the vulnerable (enemy) force
दूष्यबलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदूष्य-बल
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम् नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; कर्म; ‘दूष्य’ = vulnerable/liable-to-be-corrupted + ‘बल’ = force
घातयित्वाhaving destroyed/struck down
घातयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (घातयति)
Formणिच्-प्रयोग (causative); क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) परस्मैपदी-आधारः; ‘having caused to be slain/struck down’
निःशल्यःunwounded; unhurt
निःशल्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिः-शल्य
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम्; कर्तृविशेषणम्; ‘without a thorn/arrow (i.e., uninjured)’
पश्चात्afterwards; then
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्च
Formअव्ययम्; क्रमवाचकः
वश्यबलः(with) an obedient/tractable force
वश्यबलः:
TypeNoun
Rootवश्य-बल
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम्; कर्ता; ‘वश्य’ = amenable/tractable + ‘बल’ = force
युध्येतshould fight
युध्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formविधिलिङ् (optative) आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; ‘should fight’
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम्; मुख्यवाक्य-कर्ता
अतिसंधत्तेoverreaches; overdoes the stratagem
अतिसंधत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा (संधत्ते)
Formलट् (वर्तमानकालः) आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; उपसर्गः ‘अति-’; ‘overreaches/acts with excessive stratagem’
Entities Mentioned
D
dūṣyabala (unreliable troops/auxiliaries)V
vaśyabala (loyal troops)FAQs
Auxiliaries or units prone to defection, bribery, panic, or sabotage; Kautilya treats them as internal risk that must be neutralized before external engagement.