Sutra 15
Devanagari script
मित्रममित्रं चाभियुञ्जानयोर्यो मित्राभियोगिनः पार्ष्णिं गृह्णाति सोऽतिसंधत्ते ॥ कZ_०७.१३.१५ ॥
Transliteration
mitram amitraṃ ca abhiyuñjānayor yo mitrābhiyoginaḥ pārṣṇiṃ gṛhṇāti so ’tisaṃdhatte
Translation
เมื่อมีสองฝ่ายกำลังกดดันด้วยข้ออ้าง—ฝ่ายหนึ่งให้ถือเป็นมิตรและอีกฝ่ายให้ถือเป็นศัตรู—ผู้ใดทำตัวเป็นศัตรูจากด้านหลังต่อ ‘ผู้ที่อ้างตนเป็นมิตร’ ผู้นั้นย่อมล้ำเส้นเกินควร
Word by Word
मित्रम्ally, friend
मित्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (सन्दर्भे द्वितीया—‘मित्रम् (शत्रुं) च’ इति कर्मद्वन्द्व-समुच्चय)
अमित्रम्enemy
अमित्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
अभियुञ्जानयोःof the two who are attacking/engaged in hostilities
अभियुञ्जानयोः:
TypeParticiple
Rootअभि-युज्
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (अभियुञ्जान), पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचन; ‘अभियुञ्जानयोः’ = ‘(मित्र-अमित्रयोः) अभियुञ्जानयोः’—युद्धे प्रवर्तयतोः/आक्रमणं कुर्वतोः
यःwho
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (सम्बन्धक-यः…सः)
मित्राभियोगिनःof the attacker of the ally
मित्राभियोगिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र + अभियोगिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन; ‘मित्रस्य अभियोगी’ = मित्रं प्रति अभियोगं/आक्रमणं कुर्वन्
पार्ष्णिम्the rear, the back (heel)
पार्ष्णिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्ष्णि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; अर्थे ‘पश्चात्-भाग/पृष्ठ/एड़ी’; नीतिशास्त्रे ‘rear, vulnerable back (of an enemy/army)’
गृह्णातिseizes, takes hold of
गृह्णाति:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (यः…सः)
अतिसंधत्तेmakes an overreaching/treacherous compact; acts with excessive/deceptive diplomacy
अतिसंधत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-सम्-धा
Formलट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; ‘अतिसंधा’ = अतिक्रम्य संधिं करोति/कपटेन संधिं योजयति
Entities Mentioned
M
mitra (friend)A
amitra (enemy)M
mitrābhiyoginP
pārṣṇigrāhaFAQs
It warns that undermining a party positioned to be a friend damages credibility and creates wider opposition—an overextended, unstable strategy.