Sutra 29
Devanagari script
निरुत्साहस्तु दण्डवानपि दण्डस्याप्रणेता सदण्डः क्षयव्ययेनावभज्यते ॥ कZ_०७.११.२९ ॥
Transliteration
nirutsāhas tu daṇḍavān api daṇḍasyāpraṇetā sadaṇḍaḥ kṣayavyayenāvabhajyate
Translation
แต่ผู้ปกครองที่ไร้ความกระตือรือร้น—แม้มีอำนาจลงโทษ—หากไม่บังคับใช้โทษอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ก็ย่อมถูกความสูญเสียและรายจ่ายบั่นทอนจนพังทลาย ทั้งที่มีโทษอยู่ในมือ।
Word by Word
निरुत्साहःone who is lacking initiative/energy
निरुत्साहः:
TypeNoun (Adjective used substantively)
Rootनिर्-उत्साह (उत्साह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण-रूपेण (निरुत्साहः = उत्साह-रहितः)
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थे
दण्डवान्even if possessing the power of punishment/authority
दण्डवान्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदण्डवत् (दण्ड)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (दण्डवान् = दण्डयुक्तः/दण्डाधिकारयुक्तः)
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formअव्यय; अप्यर्थे (even)
दण्डस्यof punishment; of coercive authority
दण्डस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन
अप्रणेताone who does not apply/enforce (it)
अप्रणेता:
TypeNoun (Agent)
Rootप्र-नी (नी)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक (प्रणेता = प्रवर्तकः/प्रयोक्ता), नञर्थ-निषेधः
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (स)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
दण्डःthat punishment/authority
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; पूर्वपद-सम्बन्धेन ‘सः दण्डः’ = ‘that punishment/that authority’
क्षयव्ययेनby depletion and expenditure (i.e., through loss and waste)
क्षयव्ययेन:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय + व्यय
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (भाववाचक-समाहार), तृतीया एकवचन; ‘क्षय’ (depletion) + ‘व्यय’ (expenditure)
अवभज्यतेis undermined / is ruined / gets broken down
अवभज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-भज्
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः (is broken up/comes to ruin)
Entities Mentioned
R
rājāD
daṇḍa (coercive power)FAQs
Possession is not governance; legitimacy and order require timely, consistent, and competent application of coercive authority.