Sutra 30
Devanagari script
नदीदुर्गं तु द्विगुणक्लेशकरमुदकं च पातव्यं वृत्तिकरं चामित्रस्य ॥ कZ_०७.१०.३० ॥
Transliteration
nadīdurgaṃ tu dviguṇakleśakaram udakaṃ ca pātavyaṃ vṛttikaraṃ cāmitrasya
Translation
ป้อมริมแม่น้ำก่อความลำบากเป็นสองเท่า: ต้องต่อกร (และพึ่งพา) น้ำ และน้ำนั้นเองก็หล่อเลี้ยงปากท้องและความอึดทนของศัตรูด้วย
Word by Word
नदीदुर्गम्a river-fort (fortification based on a river)
नदीदुर्गम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; (नद्याः दुर्गम्)
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषणार्थे
द्विगुणक्लेशकरम्causing double hardship (to the attacker)
द्विगुणक्लेशकरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; नदीदुर्गम् इति विशेषणम्; (द्विगुणः क्लेशः यस्मात् तत्)
उदकम्water
उदकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया
चand
च:
TypeConjunction
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थे
पातव्यम्should be made drinkable / should be ensured for drinking
पातव्यम्:
TypeVerbal adjective (Gerundive)
Rootपा (पिबति)
Formकृदन्त (तव्यत्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; विधेय-भावः ‘पेयम्/पानार्थं ग्राह्यम्’
वृत्तिकरम्providing sustenance (means of subsistence)
वृत्तिकरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; उदकम् इति विशेषणम्; (वृत्तिं करोति इति)
चand
च:
TypeConjunction
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थे
अमित्रस्यof the enemy
अमित्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी
Entities Mentioned
A
amitra (enemy)U
udaka (water)FAQs
Because the attacker’s operations become water-constrained while the defender gains reliable sustainment from the same water source.