Sutra 44
Devanagari script
पत्त्यश्वरथद्विपानां पूर्वं पूर्वमुत्तरेण घातयेत् हीनाङ्गमधिकाङ्गेन चेति ॥ कZ_१०.६.४४ ॥
Transliteration
pattyaśvarathadvipānāṃ pūrvaṃ pūrvam uttareṇa ghātayet hīnāṅgam adhikāṅgena ceti
Translation
ในบรรดาทหารราบ ทหารม้า รถศึก และช้างศึก: ให้โจมตีเหล่าที่อยู่ก่อนด้วยเหล่าที่ตามมา (คือ ทหารราบด้วยทหารม้า; ทหารม้าด้วยรถศึก; รถศึกด้วยช้างศึก) กล่าวคือ ใช้เหล่าที่อ่อนกว่าถูกตีด้วยเหล่าที่แข็งแกร่ง/มีขีดความสามารถมากกว่า.
Word by Word
पत्तिinfantry (foot-soldiers)
पत्ति:
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-षष्ठी? (समास/समुच्चय-प्रयोगे बहुवचनस्य अर्थः); मूलरूपः पत्तिः; अत्र ‘पत्त्यश्वरथद्विपानाम्’ इति समाहार-द्वन्द्वसमासस्य अवयवः
अश्वcavalry (horse-troops)
अश्व:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formपुंलिङ्ग; समासावयवः
रथchariots (chariot corps)
रथ:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; समासावयवः
द्विपelephants (elephant corps)
द्विप:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
Formपुंलिङ्ग; समासावयवः
आनाम्of (genitive plural ending)
आनाम्:
TypeSuffix
Root(षष्ठी-बहुवचन-प्रत्ययः)
Formषष्ठी बहुवचन (genitive plural) प्रत्ययः; ‘पत्ति-अश्व-रथ-द्विप’ इत्येषां समाहार-द्वन्द्वसमासस्य षष्ठी-बहुवचन-रूपं: पत्त्यश्वरथद्विपानाम्
पूर्वम्first / earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeAdverb
Rootपूर्व
Formअव्यय; क्रमवाचक-क्रियाविशेषणम्
पूर्वम्(again) first—i.e., in order, one after another
पूर्वम्:
TypeAdverb
Rootपूर्व
Formअव्यय; पुनरुक्त्या ‘क्रमेण’ इत्यर्थः
पूर्वम्successively / in sequence
पूर्वम्:
TypeAdverb
Rootपूर्व
Formअव्यय; ‘पूर्वं पूर्वम्’ = ‘क्रमशः’
उत्तरेणby the next (higher/stronger one)
उत्तरेण:
TypeNoun (instrumental used adverbially)
Rootउत्तर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन; अत्र साधन/करणार्थे ‘उत्तरेण’ = ‘उत्तरेण (अधिकेन/श्रेष्ठेन) बलेन’ इति भावः; क्रियाविशेषणवत् प्रयोगः
घातयेत्should have (them) struck down / should deploy to destroy
घातयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय् (णिच्) ← हन्
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ्? (आज्ञार्थ/विध्यर्थ); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; causative (णिच्): ‘to cause to strike/kill’
हीन-अङ्गम्the weaker arm (of the army)
हीन-अङ्गम्:
TypeNoun
Rootहीन + अङ्ग
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘हीनं अङ्गं’ = न्यूनबलं सैन्याङ्गम्
अधिक-अङ्गेनby the stronger arm
अधिक-अङ्गेन:
TypeNoun
Rootअधिक + अङ्ग
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन; ‘अधिकं अङ्गं’ = अधिकबलं सैन्याङ्गम्
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थकः
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle/Quotative
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचकः
Entities Mentioned
I
infantryC
cavalryC
chariotsE
elephantsFAQs
It formalizes superiority matching: apply the arm with greater mobility/shock/protection to neutralize an inferior arm, conserving effort and reducing attrition.