Sutra 3
Devanagari script
बलव्यसनावस्कन्दकालेषु परमभिहन्यात् अभूमिष्ठं वा स्वभूमिष्ठः प्रकृतिप्रग्रहो वा स्वभूमिष्ठम् ॥ कZ_१०.३.०३ ॥
Transliteration
balavyasanāvaskandakāleṣu param abhihanyāt abhūmiṣṭhaṃ vā svabhūmiṣṭhaḥ prakṛtipragraho vā svabhūmiṣṭham
Translation
ในยามที่ศัตรูประสบความคับขันด้านกำลัง หรือในช่วงจังหวะการบุก/โอกาส เขาควรโจมตีศัตรูอย่างหนัก—โดยเฉพาะเมื่อศัตรูอยู่บนภูมิประเทศที่ไม่เหมาะ ขณะที่ตนอยู่บนแผ่นดินของตน; หรือเมื่อเขาตั้งมั่นในแผ่นดินของตนและได้ควบคุม ‘องค์ประกอบ’ (ปรกฤติ) ของศัตรูไว้แล้ว
Word by Word
बलforce; army-strength
बल:
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)
व्यसनcalamity; distress; misfortune
व्यसन:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)
अवस्कन्दraid; sudden incursion/attack
अवस्कन्द:
TypeNoun
Rootअव-स्कन्द्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)
कालेषुat times; on occasions
कालेषु:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी बहुवचन
परम्decisively; utterly; to the utmost
परम्:
TypeAdverb
Rootपरम्
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (intensively: 'utterly/decisively')
अभिहन्यात्should strike down; should kill/defeat
अभिहन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; लोट्/विध्यर्थे—'should strike/kill'
अभूमिष्ठम्one not on his own ground; not based on his own territory
अभूमिष्ठम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-भूमिष्ठ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; (भूमिष्ठ 'standing on/being on the ground/one's own ground' इत्यस्य नञ्-प्रत्ययान्तः)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक
स्वभूमिष्ठःone who is on his own territory; home-positioned
स्वभूमिष्ठः:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootस्व-भूमिष्ठ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य भूमौ स्थितः)
प्रकृतिconstituent elements (of the state); subjects/estates
प्रकृति:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)
प्रग्रहोseizure; taking control; subjugation
प्रग्रहो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-ग्रह्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक
स्वभूमिष्ठम्the one on his own territory (acc.)
स्वभूमिष्ठम्:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootस्व-भूमिष्ठ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य भूमौ स्थितम्—object)
Entities Mentioned
E
enemy (para)P
prakṛtis (state constituents)FAQs
Gaining control over the opponent’s governing pillars (people/elite, revenue, fortifications, armed forces, alliances), so military blows coincide with political collapse.