Sutra 11

Devanagari script

प्रसह्य दिवा रात्रौ वा सशस्त्रस्यापहरतश्चतुर्भागमूल्येषु एत एव द्विगुणा दण्डाः ॥ कZ_०४.९.११ ॥

Transliteration

prasahya divā rātrau vā saśastrasyāpaharataścaturbhāgamūlyeṣu eta eva dviguṇā daṇḍāḥ

Translation

สำหรับผู้ที่ยึดทรัพย์ด้วยกำลัง—ไม่ว่ากลางวันหรือกลางคืน—หรือผู้ที่ลักขณะมีอาวุธ ให้ปรับเป็นสองเท่าของค่าปรับที่กำหนดไว้สำหรับการลักทรัพย์ในช่วงมูลค่า ‘หนึ่งในสี่’ นั้น

Word by Word

• प्रसह्य: forcibly, by force
• Type: Gerund (Absolutive)
• Root: सह् (सहते) + प्र
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ल्यप्/क्त्वा-भाव); अर्थः—बलात् कृत्वा

• दिवा: by day
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिव्/दिवा (indecl.)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• रात्रौ: at night
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (कालाधिकरणे)

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक निपात

• सशस्त्रस्य: of an armed (person/offender)
• Type: Noun (with prefix)
• Root: शस्त्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; ‘सशस्त्र’ = शस्त्रयुक्तः (armed)

• अपहरतः: of one who is stealing/robbing
• Type: Participle
• Root: अप-हृ (हरति)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; ‘अपहरत्’ = अपहरणं कुर्वन् (one who steals/abducts)

• चतुर्भागमूल्येषु: in cases where the value is (in the bracket of) a quarter-share value
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी बहुवचन; ‘चतुर्भाग-मूल्य’ = मूल्यस्य चतुर्थांश-परिमाणे (in values equal to a quarter-share)

• एते: these (penalties)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अवधारणार्थक निपात

• द्विगुणाः: doubled
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि + गुण
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘द्विगुण’ = द्वौ गुणौ यस्य/यत् (double)

• दण्डाः: penalties/fines
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन

Entities Mentioned

• armed offender
• robber/thief

More Details

FAQs

What circumstance increases the penalty in this sutra?

Use of force, commission by day or night, and being armed—each treated as aggravating, triggering a doubled fine.