Sutra 11

Devanagari script

मानहीने हीनावहीनं वेतनं तद्द्विगुणश्च दण्डः तुलाहीने हीनचतुर्गुणो दण्डः सूत्रपरिवर्तने मूल्यद्विगुणः ॥ कZ_०४.१.११ ॥

Transliteration

mānahīne hīnāvahīnaṃ vetanaṃ taddviguṇaśca daṇḍaḥ tulāhīne hīnacaturguṇo daṇḍaḥ sūtraparivartane mūlyadviguṇaḥ

Translation

หากขนาด/มาตราที่กำหนดขาดไป ให้ลดค่าแรงตามสัดส่วนของส่วนที่ขาด และปรับเป็นสองเท่าของส่วนที่ขาด หากน้ำหนักขาด ให้ปรับเป็นสี่เท่าของส่วนที่ขาด หากสับเปลี่ยนเส้นด้าย ให้ลงโทษเป็นสองเท่าของมูลค่า(เส้นด้าย).

Word by Word

• मानहीने: when the standard measure is deficient
• Type: Noun
• Root: मान
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (अधिकरणे); नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे प्रयोगः; 'मान-हीन' = मानस्य हीनः (मानाभावः)

• हीनात्: from/than the deficient (standard)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: हीन
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्; 'हीन' = न्यून/अल्प

• अवहीनम्: non-deficient (i.e., full)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवहीन
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे (वेतनम् इति विशेष्यस्य)

• वेतनम्: wage; remuneration
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेतन
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• तत्: that (in that case)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गम् (दण्डः इत्यस्य निर्देशः)

• द्विगुणः: twofold; double
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि + गुण
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गम् (दण्डः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्ययम्

• दण्डः: penalty; fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गम्

• तुलाहीने: when the weighing-scale is deficient
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुला
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम्; 'तुला-हीन' = तुलायां हीनः/तुलाया हीनता (weighing-scale deficiency)

• हीनचतुर्गुणः: four times (the amount); quadruple
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन + चतुर् + गुण
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गम्; अर्थः: 'हीनस्य (अपराधस्य) चतुर्गुणः' (penalty four times)

• दण्डः: penalty; fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गम्

• सूत्रपरिवर्तने: in the alteration/tampering of the measuring cord
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत्र
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम्; 'सूत्र-परिवर्तन' = सूत्रस्य परिवर्तनम् (alteration of the string/cord used for measurement)

• मूल्यद्विगुणः: double the value (as penalty)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मूल्य + द्वि + गुण
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गम् (दण्डः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्); अर्थः: मूल्यस्य द्विगुणः

Entities Mentioned

• weavers
• inspectors/market authority (implied)

More Details

FAQs

Why is short-weight punished more heavily than short-measure here?

Short-weight directly manipulates material quantity/value and is harder for buyers to detect, so the deterrent is stronger (4×).