Sutra 3
Devanagari script
क्षीरघृतभृता हि वत्सानुपहन्युः । इति वेतनोपग्राहिकम् ॥ कZ_०२.२९.०३ ॥
Transliteration
kṣīraghṛtabhṛtā hi vatsān upahanyuḥ | iti vetanopagrāhikam
Translation
เพราะผู้ที่ขนส่งนมและเนยใสอาจทำให้ลูกโคบาดเจ็บ (หรือให้อาหารไม่พอ) ได้; สิ่งนี้เรียกว่า ‘เวตโนปคราหิกะ’ (การล่อลวง/การเอาเปรียบอันเกิดจากค่าจ้าง)
Word by Word
क्षीरघृतभृताwith (someone/something) that brings milk and ghee; by means of milk-and-ghee supply
क्षीरघृतभृता:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootभृ
Formक्षीरघृत-भृत् (bearing/bringing milk and ghee); तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त (भृत्) शब्द; तृतीया-एकवचन (instrumental singular) नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-प्रयोगः (करणे)
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपातः; अव्ययम्; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ-प्रयोगः
वत्सान्calves
वत्सान्:
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
उपहन्युःthey should harm/kill (them); they would injure (the calves)
उपहन्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-हन्
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; धातुः हन् (2P) उपसर्गः उप-; अर्थः ‘उपघातं कुर्युः/हिंस्युः’
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formअव्ययम्; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरण-चिह्नः
वेतनwages; pay
वेतन:
TypeNoun
Rootवेतन
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रातिपदिकम्; (समासपूर्वपदम्)
उपग्राहिकम्(the offence/charge) of taking/appropriating wages
उपग्राहिकम्:
TypeAdjective/Noun (derivative)
Rootउप-ग्रह्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘उपग्राहिन्’ (one who takes/receives/appropriates) तद्धित/कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त; वेतनस्य उपग्राहिकम् = वेतन-अपहरण/वेतन-ग्रहण-सम्बद्धम् (contextual)
Entities Mentioned
D
dairy carriers/handlersFAQs
Output-maximizing abuse: workers tied to dairy output may harm/neglect calves (reducing their share) to increase extractable milk for collection.
By classifying the abuse, the state can justify countermeasures (inspection, rules on calf-feeding, penalties, or revised incentives).