Sutra 20
Devanagari script
पादधिको ज्येष्ठः पादहीनः कनिष्ठः ॥ कZ_०२.२५.२० ॥
Transliteration
pādadhiko jyeṣṭhaḥ pādahīnaḥ kaniṣṭhaḥ
Translation
เพิ่มขึ้นหนึ่งในสี่เรียกว่า ‘ชั้นยอด’; ลดลงหนึ่งในสี่เรียกว่า ‘ชั้นรอง’
Word by Word
पादाधिकःhaving an extra quarter-share; exceeding by one-fourth
पादाधिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाद + अधिक
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः; विशेषणम् (ज्येष्ठः इत्यस्य)
ज्येष्ठःthe elder (senior)
ज्येष्ठः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः; विशेष्य/संज्ञा—‘elder/senior’
पादहीनःlacking a quarter-share; deficient by one-fourth
पादहीनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाद + हीन
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः; विशेषणम् (कनिष्ठः इत्यस्य)
कनिष्ठःthe younger (junior)
कनिष्ठः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकनिष्ठ
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः; विशेष्य/संज्ञा—‘younger/junior’
Entities Mentioned
S
superior grade (jyeṣṭha)I
inferior grade (kaniṣṭha)FAQs
It creates a simple, enforceable threshold for classifying strength/quantity, enabling consistent pricing, taxation, and penalties for short-measure.