Sutra 48
Devanagari script
जोङ्गकं रक्तं रक्तकालं वा स्निग्धम् तौरूपं च ॥ कZ_०२.११.४८ ॥
Transliteration
joṅgakaṃ raktaṃ raktakālaṃ vā snigdham taurūpaṃ ca
Translation
‘โจงคะ’ มีสีแดง หรือแดงปนดำ; มีความมันวาว/ชุ่มมัน และมีลักษณะ/รูปลักษณ์แบบ ‘เทารูปะ’
Word by Word
जोङ्गकम्joṅgaka (a specific dye/pigment substance)
जोङ्गकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootजोङ्गक
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (सूची/विधेय-रूपेण)
रक्तम्red; of red colour
रक्तम्:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootरक्त
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘लाल/रक्तवर्ण’ इति गुणवाचक
रक्तकालम्dark-red / blackish-red (shade)
रक्तकालम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound)
Rootरक्तकाल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; रक्तः कालः यस्य/यत्र—‘रक्तवर्ण-काल (blackish-red/dark-red)’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or)
स्निग्धम्smooth, glossy, oily
स्निग्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्निग्ध
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘चिक्कण/स्नेहयुक्त’
तौरूपम्taurūpa (a specific colour/finish; technical term)
तौरूपम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootतौरूप
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘तौरूप’ इति वर्ण/रूपविशेष (सम्भवतः धातु/खनिज-सम्बद्ध वर्ण)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)
Entities Mentioned
J
joṅgaka (commodity/variety)FAQs
It adds a tactile/visual criterion (glossy, smooth) that helps officials distinguish genuine material from dried, inferior, or processed substitutes.
Multi-attribute checks reduce false positives and make fraud harder, improving the reliability of state purchasing and stock audits.