Sutra 3
Devanagari script
स्वयं हि राजा शूरो बलवानरोगः कृतास्त्रो दण्डद्वितीयोऽपि शक्तः प्रभाववन्तं राजानं जेतुम् ॥ कZ_०९.१.०३ ॥
Transliteration
svayaṃ hi rājā śūro balavān arogaḥ kṛtāstro daṇḍadvitīyo'pi śaktaḥ prabhāvavantaṃ rājānaṃ jetum
Translation
กษัตริย์ที่ตนเองกล้าหาญ แข็งแรง สุขภาพดี ชำนาญอาวุธ และมีทัณฑะ (อำนาจบังคับ/อำนาจลงโทษ) เป็นเครื่องมือที่สอง ย่อมสามารถพิชิตกษัตริย์ที่มั่งคั่งและทรงอำนาจทางวัตถุได้
Word by Word
स्वयम्personally; oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
Formअव्यय; अर्थे—स्वतः/स्वयमेव
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात; हेतौ/निश्चये/खलु-अर्थे
राजाthe king
राजा:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
शूरःvaliant; brave
शूरः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootशूर
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (राज्ञः)
बलवान्strong; powerful
बलवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (राज्ञः)
अरोगःfree from disease; healthy
अरोगः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअरोग
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक-विशेषणम् (राज्ञः)
कृतास्त्रःtrained/armed; skilled in weapons
कृतास्त्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतास्त्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; कृत + अस्त्र; विशेषणम् (राज्ञः)
दण्डद्वितीयःhaving punishment/force as his second (support); backed by coercive power
दण्डद्वितीयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदण्डद्वितीय
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; दण्डः द्वितीयः यस्य (बहुव्रीहि-भावार्थे प्रयोगः) / दण्डेन सह (सहाय-भाव)
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formनिपात; अपि—‘also/even’
शक्तःcapable; able
शक्तः:
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootशक्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; कृदन्त (क्त); ‘समर्थः’
प्रभाववन्तम्influential; mighty; possessing power
प्रभाववन्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभाववत्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (राजानम्)
राजानम्a king (the opposing king)
राजानम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मपदम्
जेतुम्to conquer; to defeat
जेतुम्:
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Rootजि
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभावः; धातु: जि (जय); अर्थः—कर्तुं शक्यते
Entities Mentioned
R
rājā (king)D
daṇḍa (coercive authority)P
prabhāva (material power)FAQs
The ruler’s initiative must be backed by a functioning enforcement and military apparatus; resolve without coercive capacity is insufficient.