Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 71
Bhūmi–Vana–Auṣadhi–Ādi Vargāḥ (भूमिवनौषध्यादिवर्गाः) — Lexical Groups on Earth, Settlements, Architecture, Forests, Materia Medica, and Fauna
तृणराजाह्वयस्तालो घोण्टा क्रमुकपुगकौ शार्दूलद्वीपिनौ व्यघ्रे हर्यक्षः केशरी हरिः
tṛṇarājāhvayastālo ghoṇṭā kramukapugakau śārdūladvīpinau vyaghre haryakṣaḥ keśarī hariḥ
‘ตาล’ เรียกอีกอย่างว่า ‘ตฤณราช’; สิ่งเดียวกันนี้เรียกว่า ‘โฆณฺฏา’ ด้วย; และยังรู้จักในนาม ‘กรมุก’ กับ ‘ปุคก’. สำหรับเสือ มีชื่อว่า ‘ศารฺฑูล’ และ ‘ทฺวีปิน’; อีกทั้งยังเรียกว่า ‘วยาฆฺร’, ‘หรฺยกฺษ’, ‘เกศรี’ และ ‘หริ’.
Lord Agni (instructing Vasiṣṭha in an encyclopedic/lexical section)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Provides synonymy for flora/fauna terms used in poetry, narrative, and technical description; supports accurate reference and stylistic variation.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Paryāya: Tāla (palm) and Vyāghra (tiger)","lookup_keywords":["tāla tṛṇarāja","kramuka pugaka","śārdūla dvīpin","vyāghra haryakṣa","keśarī hari"],"quick_summary":"Lists alternate names for a palm (tāla) and for tiger. Useful for poets and compilers to avoid repetition and to match regional or stylistic diction."}
Concept: Saṃjñā-vyavasthā (systematizing names) for stable transmission of knowledge.
Application: Use correct synonym depending on genre: śārdūla/vyāghra in heroic description; tāla/tṛṇarāja in landscape description.
Khanda Section: Nighaṇṭu / Nāma-mālā (Lexicon of synonyms and names; encyclopedic vocabulary lists)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: vira
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A split scene: on one side a tall tāla palm with labeled names; on the other a tiger in a forest clearing with multiple name-tags hovering like glossary annotations.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, stylized palm tree and tiger in profile, bold outlines, decorative forest patterns, Sanskrit labels integrated as ornamental bands.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, tiger rendered with regal stance, gold accents on foliage and border, palm tree with gilded highlights on fronds, inscription cartouches for synonyms.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style, educational illustration with two panels (tāla and tiger), fine detailing, soft colors, clear Devanagari labels for each synonym.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, naturalistic tiger in a lush landscape with a palm, delicate shading and botanical detail, calligraphy panels listing paryāyas in the margin."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Shankarabharanam","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: tṛṇarājāhvayastālo = तृणराजाह्वयः + तालः (visarga sandhi).
Related Themes: Agni Purana 362 (kośa lists for animals, plants, objects)
FAQs
It imparts nighaṇṭu-style lexical knowledge: authoritative Sanskrit synonyms for a tree/palm category (tāla/kramuka/pugaka) and for the tiger (śārdūla/dvīpin/vyāghra, etc.), useful for correctly reading ritual, medical, and poetic texts.
By preserving standardized synonym lists, it functions like a compact glossary—supporting cross-disciplinary reading (Ayurveda, ritual manuals, kāvya, and dharma texts) where the same entity appears under multiple names.
Its significance is indirect: mastering correct terminology aids accurate recitation, interpretation, and application of sacred and technical instructions, thereby reducing error in ritual and study (a valued form of śāstra-jñāna).