Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 12

Devanagari script

चंद्रादित्यौ सुरगणाः सिंहस्थे च बृहस्पतौ । स्थिता गोदावरीतीरे वर्षमेकं प्रहर्षिताः

Transliteration

caṃdrādityau suragaṇāḥ siṃhasthe ca bṛhaspatau | sthitā godāvarītīre varṣamekaṃ praharṣitāḥ

Translation

బృహస్పతి సింహరాశిలో స్థితుడైనప్పుడు, చంద్రసూర్యులు దేవగణాలతో కలిసి గోదావరి తీరంలో ఒక సంవత్సరం ఆనందంతో నివసించారు.

Word by Word

• चन्द्र-आदित्यौ: the Moon and the Sun
• चन्द्र-आदित्यौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (Moon and Sun)

• सुर-गणाः: hosts of gods
• सुर-गणाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘सुराणां गणाः’ (hosts of gods)

• सिंह-स्थे: when (Jupiter) was in Leo
• सिंह-स्थे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘सिंहे स्थः’ (situated in Leo) — qualifying bṛhaspati; सति-सप्तमी-प्रायः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• बृहस्पतौ: in Bṛhaspati (Jupiter)
• बृहस्पतौ: Adhikarana (Locative absolute/सति-सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (Jupiter)

• स्थिता: stood, remained
• स्थिता: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (agreeing with सुरगणाः etc.)

• गोदावरी-तीरे: on the bank of the Godāvarī
• गोदावरी-तीरे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोदावरी (प्रातिपदिक) + तीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• वर्षम्: for a year
• वर्षम्: Kāla-adhikaraṇa / Avadhi (Temporal duration)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कालावधि (duration)

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying वर्षम्)

• प्रहर्षिताः: delighted, rejoicing
• प्रहर्षिताः: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-हृष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (agreeing with सुरगणाः etc.)

Speaker

Narrative voice within Dvārakā Māhātmya (speaker not explicit in the excerpt)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Godāvarī (Gautamī) Siṃhastha tīrtha

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: On the Godāvarī bank, a radiant celestial gathering: Surya and Chandra as luminous deities above the river, Bṛhaspati presiding with a sage-like aura, devas assembled, the river shimmering as if charged with starlight; a full-year ‘camp’ of divinity suggested by tents/mandapas of light.

Characters & Entities

• Candra
• Āditya (Sūrya)
• Suragaṇa (Devas)
• Bṛhaspati (Jupiter)
• Siṃha-rāśi (Leo)
• Godāvarī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Holy time (kāla) and holy place (kṣetra) combine—when the cosmos is auspicious, even devas delight in residing at the tīrtha.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Godāvarī riverbank is glorified, especially during the Siṃhastha period (Jupiter in Leo).

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit ritual is stated; the verse highlights the sanctity of remaining at Godāvarī during Siṃhastha.