Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 39

Devanagari script

एतत्सायंतनं नाम वैश्वदेवं गृहाश्रमे । सायंप्रातर्भवेदेव वैश्वदेवं प्रयत्नतः

Transliteration

etatsāyaṃtanaṃ nāma vaiśvadevaṃ gṛhāśrame | sāyaṃprātarbhavedeva vaiśvadevaṃ prayatnataḥ

Translation

గృహాశ్రమంలో దీనిని ‘సాయంతన వైశ్వదేవం’ అని అంటారు. నిజంగా సాయంకాలం మరియు ప్రాతఃకాలం—రెండు వేళలా—ప్రయత్నంతో వైశ్వదేవాన్ని ఆచరించాలి.

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सायंतनम्: evening-related
• सायंतनम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सायंतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नाम: by name/indeed
• नाम: Sambandha (Appositional marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle; 'indeed/by name')

• वैश्वदेवम्: Vaiśvadeva (rite)
• वैश्वदेवम्: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (नाम-सम्बन्धे)

• गृहाश्रमे: in the householder stage
• गृहाश्रमे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक) + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• सायम्: in the evening
• सायम्: Kala-adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सायम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (time-adverb)

• प्रातर्: in the morning
• प्रातर्: Kala-adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातर् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (time-adverb)

• भवेत्: should be/should occur
• भवेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• वैश्वदेवम्: Vaiśvadeva (rite)
• वैश्वदेवम्: Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रयत्नतः: with effort; diligently
• प्रयत्नतः: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्यय; adverb)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A simple diptych: dawn light with a small offering at the home shrine; dusk light with another offering, showing the rhythm of devotion across the day.

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśvadeva

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Consistency in daily offerings—morning and evening—sustains dharma within household life.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The instruction belongs to Kāśī-khaṇḍa, aligning daily ritual discipline with the sanctity of Kashi.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform Vaiśvadeva diligently both at dawn (prātaḥ) and at dusk (sāyam).