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Shloka 16

द्वादशज्योतिर्लिङ्गावतारकथनम्

Account of the Twelve Jyotirliṅga Manifestations

तं हत्वा स महाकालो ज्योतिर्लिंगस्वरूपतः । देवैस्स प्रार्थितोऽतिष्ठत्स्वभक्तपरिपालकः

taṃ hatvā sa mahākālo jyotirliṃgasvarūpataḥ | devaissa prārthito'tiṣṭhatsvabhaktaparipālakaḥ

అతనిని సంహరించిన తరువాత మహాకాలుడు జ్యోతిర్లింగ స్వరూపుడై, దేవతల ప్రార్థనకు అక్కడే నిలిచాడు; ఎందుకంటే ఆయన తన భక్తులను పరిరక్షించేవాడు।

तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
महाकालःMahākāla
महाकालः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकाल (प्रातिपदिक) = महा + काल
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् कालः)
ज्योतिःlight
ज्योतिः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (in compound)
लिङ्गस्वरूपतःas the form of the liṅga
लिङ्गस्वरूपतः:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootलिङ्गस्वरूपतस् (अव्यय) = लिङ्ग + स्वरूप + तस्
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb: 'in the form/as'); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-आधार (लिङ्गस्य स्वरूपः)
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
प्रार्थितःhaving been entreated
प्रार्थितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject in passive sense)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+अर्थ् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे (having been entreated)
अतिष्ठत्stood/remained
अतिष्ठत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
स्वभक्तपरिपालकःprotector of his devotees
स्वभक्तपरिपालकः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वभक्तपरिपालक (प्रातिपदिक) = स्व + भक्त + परिपालक
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (स्वभक्तानां परिपालकः)

Suta Goswami (narrating the Śiva Purāṇa account to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahākāla

Jyotirlinga: Mahākāleśvara

Sthala Purana: After slaying the oppressor, Śiva as Mahākāla manifests as a Jyotirliṅga and, at the gods’ supplication, remains established in Avantī/Ujjayinī as a permanent protector of devotees.

Significance: Mahākāla’s abiding presence as Jyotirliṅga guarantees ongoing refuge, protection, and grace (anugraha) to devotees; the kṣetra becomes a locus of liberation-oriented worship.

Role: liberating

S
Shiva (Mahākāla)
D
Devas

FAQs

The verse teaches that Śiva as Mahākāla destroys adharmic forces and then abides as the Jyotirliṅga for the welfare of beings—showing that divine power is not only destructive to evil but also compassionately protective to devotees.

It directly links Mahākāla’s saving action to His abiding presence as a Jyotirliṅga—affirming Saguna worship where the formless Supreme is approached through the luminous Liṅga, accessible to prayer, pilgrimage, and daily pūjā.

A practical takeaway is Jyotirliṅga-bhakti: offer water and bilva leaves, apply tripuṇḍra (bhasma), and repeat the Pañcākṣarī—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—with the intent of seeking protection and inner steadiness under Mahākāla’s grace.