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Shloka 54

संध्याचरित्रवर्णनम् (Sandhyā-caritra-varṇanam) — “Narration of Sandhyā’s Austerity and Encounter with Śiva”

यदा त्वं दारुणं संध्ये तपश्चरसि पर्वते । यावच्चतुर्युगं तस्य व्यतीते तु कृते युगे

yadā tvaṃ dāruṇaṃ saṃdhye tapaścarasi parvate | yāvaccaturyugaṃ tasya vyatīte tu kṛte yuge

నీవు పర్వతంపై ప్రాతః–సంధ్యల పవిత్ర సంధికాలాలలో ఘోర తపస్సు చేయునప్పుడు, నాలుగు యుగాల కాలము గడిచిన తరువాత—గతమైన కృతయుగంలో నియత ఫలము నిశ్చయంగా ప్రాప్తమగును।

यदाwhen
यदा:
कालाधिकरण (Kāla-adhikaraṇa/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (कालवाचक relative adverb)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुषार्थे (2nd person pronoun), प्रथमा, एकवचन
दारुणम्severe
दारुणम्:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘तपः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
संध्येat twilight
संध्ये:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time-location)
TypeNoun
Rootसंध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
तपःausterity
तपः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
चरसिyou practice/perform
चरसि:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Action)
TypeVerb
Root√चर् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
पर्वतेon the mountain
पर्वते:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
यावत्until/for as long as
यावत्:
कालाधिकरण (Kāla-adhikaraṇa/Limit)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (परिमाण/अवधिवाचक: ‘as long as/until’)
चतुर्-युगम्a four-age cycle (caturyuga)
चतुर्-युगम्:
कर्म (Karma/Extent)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् (प्रातिपदिक) + युग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (चतुर्युगसमाहारः)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी, एकवचन
व्यतीतेwhen (it) has passed
व्यतीते:
सप्तमीसम्बन्ध (Locative absolute/Adhikaraṇa)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अति + √इ (धातु) (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) ‘व्यतीत’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/सप्तमी, एकवचन; सप्तमी-सम्बन्धे (locative absolute sense)
तुthen/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निपात/particle: contrast/emphasis)
कृतेin the Kṛta (age)
कृते:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘युगे’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (in the Kṛta)
युगेin the age
युगे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Lord Shiva (addressing Sati in the Sati Khanda narrative, as relayed by Suta Goswami)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga episode; the verse frames Satī’s destined tapas across yuga-cycles as the karmic/daivic timing for later events in Dakṣa’s line.

Significance: General teaching: sandhyā-tapas and mountain-austerity as a means to ripen divine destiny and receive Śiva’s anugraha.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: liberating

Cosmic Event: caturyuga-span / yuga-cycle timing (Kṛta-yuga reference)

S
Shiva
S
Sati

FAQs

The verse highlights disciplined tapas at the sandhyā (dawn/dusk) as a powerful purifier of bondage (pāśa). In a Shaiva Siddhanta lens, such austerity ripens the soul (paśu) for Shiva’s grace (anugraha), indicating that spiritual fruition unfolds according to cosmic timing (yuga-dharma) as well as inner readiness.

Though the verse speaks directly of tapas, its devotional frame is Saguna Shiva—approaching the Lord through time-disciplined practice. In Shiva Purana practice, sandhyā worship commonly includes Linga-abhiṣeka, japa of the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), and meditation, aligning austerity with concrete acts of Shiva-upāsanā.

A practical takeaway is sandhyā-sādhana: at dawn and dusk, sit in meditation, perform japa of “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” and, where applicable, worship Shiva with bhasma (tripuṇḍra) and rudrākṣa as supports for steadiness and purity.