Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 48

देव-गण-समरः

Devas and Śiva’s Gaṇas Engage in Battle

Devanagari script

वीरभद्र उवाच । रेरे हरे महादेव शपथोल्लंघनं त्वया । कथमद्य कृतं चित्ते गर्वः किमभवत्तव

Transliteration

vīrabhadra uvāca | rere hare mahādeva śapathollaṃghanaṃ tvayā | kathamadya kṛtaṃ citte garvaḥ kimabhavattava

Translation

వీరభద్రుడు అన్నాడు— ఓ హరా! మహాదేవా! నీవు నీ శపథాన్ని అతిక్రమించావు. ఈ రోజు ఇది ఎలా చేసావు? నీ మనస్సులో ఏ గర్వం పుట్టింది?

Word by Word

• वीरभद्रः: Vīrabhadra
• वीरभद्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर-भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वक्ता (speaker)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• रे: hey!
• रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: रे (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बोधनार्थक निपात (vocative particle; exclamation)

• रे: hey!
• रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: रे (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बोधनार्थक निपात (repetition for emphasis)

• हरे: O Hari
• हरे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• महादेव: O Mahādeva
• महादेव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (महान् देवः)

• शपथ-उल्लङ्घनम्: violation of the oath
• शपथ-उल्लङ्घनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शपथ-उल्लङ्घन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc) एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शपथस्य उल्लङ्घनम्)

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/Agent-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: how)

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: today/now)

• कृतम्: done/made
• कृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया/predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; √कृ (to do)

• चित्ते: in (your) mind
• चित्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• गर्वः: pride
• गर्वः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• किम्: what?
• किम्: Karma (कर्म/Object/Interrogative complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम

• अभवत्: arose/became
• अभवत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः अभि-

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

Speaker

Vīrabhadra

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Vīrabhadra

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Vīrabhadra

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse highlights the Shaiva emphasis on niyama (disciplined observance) and humility: pride (garva) and vow-breaking are shown as spiritually dangerous impulses that disturb right order (dharma), even when spoken within a dramatic, puranic confrontation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Saguna Shiva is approached as Mahādeva who upholds dharma; this verse frames Shiva’s presence in story as a moral and spiritual axis—devotion to the Linga is not mere ritual, but reverence for the Lord who embodies truthfulness and disciplined conduct.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is vow-discipline: keep a vrata with sincerity, recite the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) daily, and cultivate humility as an inner offering—so that worship is supported by ethical steadiness.