Shloka 58

Devanagari script

तेतुवानरशार्दूलाश्श्रुत्वारामस्यशासनम् ।।।।अभिपेतुस्सुसङ्कृद्धाःकुम्भमुद्यतकार्मुकम् ।

Transliteration

te tu vānaraśārdūlāḥ śrutvā rāmasya śāsanam |

abhipetuḥ susaṅkruddhāḥ kumbham udyatakārmukam ||

Translation

శ్రీరాముని ఆజ్ఞ విని, ఆ వ్యాఘ్రసమాన వానరులు మహాక్రోధంతో, ధనుస్సు ఎత్తి నిలిచిన కుంభునిపై దాడికి దూసుకెళ్లారు।

Word by Word

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थे (but/indeed)

• वानरशार्दूलाः: tiger-like vanaras
• वानरशार्दूलाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive determinative: वानराणां शार्दूलाः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); अव्ययभाव (having heard)

• रामस्य: of Rama
• रामस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• शासनम्: command/order
• शासनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of श्रुत्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अभिपेतुः: rushed/attacked
• अभिपेतुः: Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; उपसर्ग: अभि- (towards)

• सुसङ्कृद्धाः: very enraged
• सुसङ्कृद्धाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + सं + क्रुध् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle in sense of state); क्त (क्रुद्ध) with उपसर्ग सं- and उपपद सु-; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (qualifying ते/वानरशार्दूलाः)

• कुम्भम्: Kumbha
• कुम्भम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of अभिपेतुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• उद्यतकार्मुकम्: with bow raised
• उद्यतकार्मुकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्यत + कार्मुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (Descriptive: उद्यतं कार्मुकं यस्य/उद्यतकार्मुकः); here accusative singular masculine agreeing with कुम्भम्: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

On hearing Rama's command, the enraged Vanara tigers took up bows to attack Kumbha.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kumbha
• Vanara warriors

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as disciplined loyalty: anger is present, but action is aligned with the rightful leader’s command and the protection of the community.

What is the narrative situation?

Vanara champions, responding to Rama, charge toward Kumbha, who is poised with his bow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Obedience and solidarity—coordinated action for a just cause rather than individual, uncontrolled retaliation.