Valmiki Ramayana 1.39.10 — Bala Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 10

सगरयज्ञाश्वहरणम्

The Stolen Sacrificial Horse of Sagara

Devanagari script

यज्ञच्छिद्रं भवत्येतत्सर्वेषामशिवाय न:।तत्तथा क्रियतां राजन् यथाऽच्छिद्र: क्रतुर्भवेत्।।1.39.10।।

Transliteration

yajñacchidraṃ bhavaty etat sarveṣām aśivāya naḥ | tat tathā kriyatāṃ rājan yathācchidraḥ kratur bhavet ||

Translation

ఇది యజ్ఞమునకు దోషమై మన అందరికీ అశుభకారకమగును. కావున హే రాజా, క్రతువు ఏ దోషమూ లేక అచ్ఛిద్రముగా సాగునట్లు ఏర్పాటుచేయుము।

Word by Word

• यज्ञ-छिद्रम्: a flaw in the sacrifice
• यज्ञ-छिद्रम्: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject of bhavati)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + छिद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: 'यज्ञस्य छिद्रम्'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• भवति: becomes/is
• भवति: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: विशेष्य-सम्बन्ध (प्रथमा/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); predicate/identificational

• सर्वेषाम्: of all (of us)
• सर्वेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine/Generic), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अशिवाय: for inauspiciousness
• अशिवाय: सम्प्रदान (सम्प्रदान/Dative of result)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग-भाव (abstract), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/चतुर्थी), एकवचन (Singular); प्रयोजन/फल (for the purpose/result)

• नः: for us/of us
• नः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• तत्: that (therefore)
• तत्: कर्म (कर्म/Object of kriyatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular); refers to the matter/action

• तथा: thus/in that way
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb of manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), प्रकार (manner)

• क्रियताम्: let it be done
• क्रियताम्: क्रिया (आज्ञार्थ/Main injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative injunction), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive: 'let it be done')

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• यथा: so that
• यथा: सम्बन्ध (हेतु/उद्देश्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction/adverb), उपमान/प्रकार (so that/as)

• अच्छिद्रः: flawless
• अच्छिद्रः: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-छिद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण to क्रतुः

• क्रतुः: the sacrifice/rite
• क्रतुः: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject of bhavet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• भवेत्: may become/be
• भवेत्: क्रिया (उद्देश्य/Result clause verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

'This flaw in sacrifice will be inauspicious for all of us. Hence O king! do everything which will ensure flawlessness to this sacrifice'.

Characters & Entities

• yajña
• kratu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is meticulous responsibility: sacred acts must be performed without negligence, since collective welfare is tied to correctness and integrity in duty.

What is the narrative situation?

During a sacrificial context, a concern is raised that a defect in the ritual would bring inauspicious results, so corrective action is urged.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Pramāda-rahitatā (freedom from carelessness): vigilance and thoroughness in carrying out one’s obligations.