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Valmiki Ramayana 2.66.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 66, Shloka 16

अयोध्यायां शोकविलापः

Lamentation in Ayodhya after Daśaratha’s death

तैलद्रोण्यां तु सचिवैश्शायितं तं नराधिपम्।हा मृतोऽयमिति ज्ञात्वा स्त्रियस्ताः पर्यदेवयन्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.66.16

tailadroṇyāṃ tu sacivaiḥ śāyitaṃ taṃ narādhipam |

hā mṛto ’yam iti jñātvā striyas tāḥ paryadevayan ||

సచివులు తైలద్రోణిలో శయనింపజేసిన ఆ నరాధిపుణ్ని చూసి, ‘హా, ఇతడు మరణించాడు’ అని గ్రహించి ఆ స్త్రీలు కరుణగా విలపించిరి।

तैलद्रोण्याम्in the oil-vat
तैलद्रोण्याम्:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootतैल+द्रोणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Discourse connector (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिपात; विरोध/विशेषार्थक
सचिवैःby the ministers
सचिवैः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
शायितम्made to lie/laid down
शायितम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशि (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रेरण (causative) + क्त (PPP); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (of तम् नराधिपम्)
तम्that
तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
नराधिपम्the king
नराधिपम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनर+अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (lord of men)
हाalas
हा:
Exclamation (उद्गार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formविस्मय/शोकसूचक-निपात (interjection)
मृतःdead
मृतः:
Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective of अयम्)
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of implied ‘asti’)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
इतिthus
इति:
Quotation marker (इति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया (having known)
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
ताःthose
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; determiner)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
पर्यदेवयन्lamented/cried
पर्यदेवयन्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+देव् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

On seeing the king's body laid in the oil vat by the counsellors, the women cried Alas, the king is dead.

D
Daśaratha
M
ministers (sacivāḥ)

FAQs

The verse underscores the dharmic realism of anitya (impermanence): even a king is subject to death, and society must respond through both human grief and orderly rites.

The women of the palace see Daśaratha’s body preserved in an oil-vat and break into collective mourning.

Sincere devotion and loyalty to the king, expressed as communal mourning rather than indifference.

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