Valmiki Ramayana 2.65.21: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 21

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चषष्टितमः सर्गः — Daśaratha’s Death Discovered in the Palace

Morning Rites Turn to Lament

Devanagari script

तासामाक्रन्दशब्देन सहसोद्धतचेतने।कौसल्या च सुमित्रा च त्यक्त निद्रे बभूवतुः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.65.21

Transliteration

tāsām ākrandaśabdena sahasoddhatacetane | kausalyā ca sumitrā ca tyaktanidre babhūvatuḥ ||

Translation

వారి ఆర్తనాద శబ్దంతో అకస్మాత్తుగా చైతన్యం ఉప్పొంగగా కౌసల్యా, సుమిత్రా నిద్రను విడిచారు।

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Word by Word

• तासाम्: of those (women)
• तासाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural), स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रयोग (f. usage of pronoun)

• आक्रन्द-शब्देन: by the sound of cries
• आक्रन्द-शब्देन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आक्रन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Determinative), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• सहसा: suddenly
• सहसा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)

• उद्धत-चेतने: with senses roused
• उद्धत-चेतने: कर्तृ-विशेषण (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्धत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √उद्+√हन्/उद्धत as 'raised/roused') + चेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (Descriptive), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), द्विवचन (Dual), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• कौसल्या: Kausalya
• कौसल्या: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय-बोधक (Conjunction)

• सुमित्रा: Sumitra
• सुमित्रा: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय-बोधक (Conjunction)

• त्यक्त-निद्रे: having abandoned sleep
• त्यक्त-निद्रे: कर्तृ-विशेषण (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यक्त (कृदन्त; √त्यज्, क्त-प्रत्यय/PPP) + निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Determinative), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), द्विवचन (Dual), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• बभूवतुः: became
• बभूवतुः: क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), द्विवचन (Dual), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

Context

Hearing the lamentations of the women suddenly Kausalya and Sumitra woke up from sleep, their senses recovered.

Characters & Entities

• Kausalyā
• Sumitrā
• palace women

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as responsiveness to communal suffering—grief is not private in a royal household; the cries of many awaken the duty of the elders to face reality.

What is the narrative situation?

The queens Kausalyā and Sumitrā are awakened by the palace women’s lament and immediately sense something has gone terribly wrong.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Alertness and responsibility: they do not remain withdrawn in sleep when the household is in crisis.