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Shloka 16

सीतानिवर्तनप्रयत्नः

Rama’s Attempt to Dissuade Sita from Forest Exile

उपहारश्च कर्तव्यः कुसुमै स्स्वयमाहृतैः।आर्षेण विधिना वेद्यां बाले दुःखमतो वनम्।।2.28.16।।

upahāraś ca kartavyaḥ kusumaiḥ svayam-āhṛtaiḥ |

ārṣeṇa vidhinā vedyāṃ bāle duḥkham ato vanam ||2.28.16||

తానే తెచ్చిన పుష్పములతో ఋషివిధి ప్రకారం వేదికపై ఉపహారమును అర్పించవలెను; అందుచేత, హే నిర్దోషిణీ, వనవాసము దుఃఖకరం.

upahāraḥoffering
upahāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootupahāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-avadhāraṇa (conjunction/particle: 'and/also')
kartavyaḥshould be made/done
kartavyaḥ:
Vidhi (विधि/obligation predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ धातु) + tavya (तव्य प्रत्यय)
FormKṛtya (gerundive/obligative), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bhāva of obligation (should be done)
kusumaiḥwith flowers
kusumaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkusuma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकaliṅga (Neuter), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana (Plural)
svayampersonally
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (adverb: 'oneself/by oneself')
āhṛtaiḥbrought
āhṛtaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of 'flowers')
TypeAdjective
Rootā-hṛ (आ-हृ धातु) + kta (क्त प्रत्यय)
FormBhūtakāla-kṛdanta (past passive participle), Puṃliṅga/napuṃsaka, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; agrees with kusumaiḥ
ārṣeṇaaccording to the seers'/Vedic
ārṣeṇa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootārṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana; qualifies vidhinā
vidhināby the prescribed rite
vidhinā:
Karaṇa (करण/Means: 'by the rule')
TypeNoun
Rootvidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana
vedyāmon the altar
vedyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootvedī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/7th), Ekavacana
bāleO innocent girl
bāle:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootbālā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana
duḥkhampainful
duḥkham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; predicate adjective for vanam
ataḥtherefore
ataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (causal adverb: 'therefore/for this reason')
vanamforest life / the forest
vanam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject: 'forest-life/forest')
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana

The wanderers in the jungle, O daughter of Mithila, have to be satisfied daily with whatever little food is available. So forest (life) is a hard life.

R
Rāma
S
Sītā
V
vedī (altar)

FAQs

Dharma includes faithful performance of prescribed rites with personal effort—offerings are not delegated luxuries but disciplined acts, even in exile.

Rāma stresses that exile entails continuing sacred duties—collecting materials oneself and maintaining altar-offerings.

Reverence and diligence: the willingness to uphold sacred practice through one’s own labor.